ArticleFrontiers in public health2023
Protection of hybrid immunity against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and severe COVID-19 during periods of Omicron variant predominance in Mexico.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Severity of COVID-19 Omicron Variants: A Global Systematic Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Hospital readmission rates and factors due to COVID-19 reinfections: a registry-based cohort study in Brazil (2020-2022).BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- The relationship between the timing of lung surgery and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection Risk by Vaccine Doses and Prior Infections Over 24 Months: ProHEpiC-19 Longitudinal Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Factors associated with childhood non-vaccination against COVID-19 in Canada: A national survey analysis.Vaccine: X · 2024Article
- A mini review of reinfection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Prevalence and determinants of post-acute sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection (Long COVID) among adults in Mexico during 2022: a retrospective analysis of nationally representative data.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Age and Comorbidities as Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Mexico, before, during and after Massive Vaccination.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Article
- Effectiveness of a nationwide COVID-19 vaccination program in Mexico against symptomatic COVID-19, hospitalizations, and death: a retrospective analysis of national surveillance data.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2023Article
- COVID-19 reinfections in Mexico City: implications for public health.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- An ecological study on reinfection rates using a large dataset of RT-qPCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 in Santiago of Chile.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: With the widespread transmission of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant, reinfections have become increasingly common. Here, we explored the role of immunity, primary infection severity, and variant predominance in the risk of reinfection and severe COVID-19 during Omicron predominance in Mexico. Methods: We analyzed reinfections in Mexico in individuals with a primary infection separated by at least 90 days from reinfection using a national surveillance registry of SARS-CoV-2 cases from March 3rd, 2020, to August 13th, 2022. Immunity-generating events included primary infection, partial or complete vaccination, and booster vaccines. Reinfections were matched by age and sex with controls with primary SARS-CoV-2 infection and negative RT-PCR or antigen test at least 90 days after primary infection to explore reinfection and severe disease risk factors. We also compared the protective efficacy of heterologous and homologous vaccine boosters against reinfection. Results: We detected 231,202 SARS-CoV-2 reinfections in Mexico, most occurring in unvaccinated individuals (41.55%). Over 207,623 reinfections occurred during periods of Omicron (89.8%), BA.1 (36.74%), and BA.5 (33.67%) subvariant predominance and a case-fatality rate of 0.22%. Vaccination protected against reinfection, without significant influence of the order of immunity-generating events and provided >90% protection against severe reinfections. Heterologous booster schedules were associated with ~11% and ~ 54% lower risk for reinfection and reinfection-associated severe COVID-19, respectively, modified by time-elapsed since the last immunity-generating event, when compared against complete primary schedules. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 reinfections increased during Omicron predominance. Hybrid immunity provides protection against reinfection and associated severe COVID-19, with potential benefit from heterologous booster schedules.
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