ArticleBMC psychiatry2023
The mediating effect of body appreciation between muscle dysmorphia and bulimia nervosa among Lebanese adolescents.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elevated symptoms of muscle dysmorphia and disordered eating among male gym-goers in Riyadh: a cross-sectional screening study.Journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Exploring the relationship between body appreciation and emotional regulation among Lebanese adults: The mediating role of psychological distress.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Exploring the Link Between Body Appreciation and Health-Related Lifestyle in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Exercise addiction and disordered eating in young Lebanese regular sport practitioners: the indirect role of body appreciation and body dysmorphic concerns.Journal of eating disorders · 2025Article
- #BodyPositivity: The Role of Body Appreciation and Body Mass Index for Muscle Dysmorphia, Body Attitudes and Exercise Motives Among Men.Nutrients · 2025Article
- A living experience proposal for the co-occurring diagnosis of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder and other eating disorders.Journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMuscle dysmorphia (MD) is a common psychological disorder present in Lebanese adolescents. Several disorders can be present concomitantly with MD such as bulimia nervosa and exercise addiction. This study aims to explore the mediating effect of body appreciation between Muscle dysmorphia and bulimia nervosa, and to validate the exercise addiction inventory scale in Lebanese adolescents.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional designed study, conducted between August-September 2022, and enrolling 403 adolescents currently residing in Lebanon (15 to 18 years old), from all Lebanese governorates (Beirut, Mount Lebanon, North, South, and Bekaa). Our sample was chosen using the snowball technique, a soft copy of the questionnaire was created using google forms software, and an online approach was conceived to proceed with the data collection.
resultsThe mean age of the participants was 16.63 ± 1.46 years with 57.3% females. The factor analysis for the Exercise Addiction Inventory suggested one factor, which explained 62.58% of the common variance. The confirmatory factor analysis revealed an adequate fit to the model with satisfactory Maximum Likelihood Chi-Square/Degrees of Freedom (χ
conclusionBody appreciation was found to be a mediator between muscle dysmorphia and bulimia nervosa and thus it is the main factor leading to both disorders. Therefore, body appreciation should be addressed in the evaluation and management of Muscle Dysmorphia.
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