ArticleBrazilian journal of physical therapy
Consensus-based recommendations on physical activity and exercise in patients with diabetes at risk of foot ulcerations: a Delphi study.
Article in Brazilian journal of physical therapy. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical guidelines on physical activity and exercise therapy for Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes: A clinical practice guideline from the Chinese Society of Endocrinology.Journal of sport and health science · 2026Guideline
- Impact of Exercise Training in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: An Umbrella Review.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- Foot-specific exercise intervention for forefoot deformity in individuals with type 2 diabetes and peripheral neuropathy: A randomized controlled clinical trial with 3-year follow-up.Brazilian journal of physical therapyTrial
- The Youth Fitness International Test (YFIT) battery for monitoring and surveillance among children and adolescents: A modified Delphi consensus project with 169 experts from 50 countries and territories.Journal of sport and health science · 2025Article
- On the Merits of Targeted and Individualized Physical Exercise in Persons with Diabetic Foot Disease-From Controversies to Consensus.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- A multifactorial intervention to improve cardiovascular outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes and current or previous diabetic foot ulcer disease: Protocol for a multi-centre randomised control trial (MiFoot study).Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Article
- The role of community pharmacists and pharmacies in physical activity promotion: an interdisciplinary e-Delphi study.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatients with diabetes mellitus are exposed to important complications. Currently little evidence exist on the guidelines that these patients, at some risk of foot ulceration, should follow for physical exercise.
objectivesTo reach a consensus among multidisciplinary and international experts on physical activity/exercise recommendations for patients with diabetes, according to foot ulcer risk.
methodsUsing a three-round Delphi method, a panel composed of 28 multidisciplinary experts in the management of diabetic foot assessed 109 recommendations on physical activity/exercise for patients with diabetes mellitus, according to their risk of foot ulcer. Consensus was assumed when 80% of responses matched the same category (agreement/disagreement).
resultsTwenty-nine experts participated in the first and second rounds of consultation, and twenty-eight did so in the third, reaching final agreement on 86 of the 109 recommendations considered (78.9%). The study, thus, generated a consensus set of recommendations concerning different aspects of diabetic footcare before, during, and after exercise (e.g. when to examine the foot, how to assess it, what type of sock and insole to use, what types of exercise to perform, and when it is advisable to return to activity after an ulceration).
conclusionThis Delphi study generated recommendations based on the consensus of international experts on physical activity and exercise by patient with diabetes at risk of ulceration. Recommendations considered the state of the foot and the patient's history and status before physical activity and included information on intensity, duration, frequency, and progressions of physical activity/exercise, and the use of custom-made plantar orthoses, shoe prescription, and the convenience of returning to physical activity after an ulceration.
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