ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2023
Breastfeeding Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in North America: A Multisite Study.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Breastfeeding initiation and continuation among women on medicines: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2026Pooled it
- Breastfeeding support for women with HIV: lactation consultant HIV-knowledge, attitudes, stigma, and tele-lactation experiences.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Perspective: Infant Feeding Policies among Women Living with HIV in Latin America and the Caribbean: Should They Be Updated?Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Understanding practices of lactation and infant feeding together with women with HIV: the UPLIFT observational study protocol.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Navigating guidelines and realities: informed free choice in infant feeding for people living with HIV.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding practices and perspectives in the setting of maternal HIV in high-income countries since the shift in the United States national guidelines: a scoping review.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Review
- Multi-disciplinary support of infant feeding choice for parents living with HIV: experience across a guideline change.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Breastmilk transfer and infant exposure to atazanavir/ritonavir in breastfeeding women with HIV: results from IMPAACT 2026.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Infant feeding decisions among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in the United States: a pilot study.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Adoption of the Revised DHHS Guidelines on Breastmilk Feeding and HIV in the United States: Clinical Practices and Barriers.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding on ART and a closer look at drug transfer to HIV-exposed uninfected infants.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- "My body my baby": a qualitative study examining drivers of infant-feeding choices among women living with HIV in Philadelphia, United States.AIDS care · 2025Article
- HIV postnatal prophylaxis and infant feeding policies vary across Europe: results of a Penta survey.HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Practice Variability in Uptake and Implementation of New U.S. DHHS Guidelines for Feeding of HIV-Exposed Infants.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Article
- Update on HIV prevention and management in pregnancy Number 10 - 2025.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2025Article
- Hearing the Silence and Silenced: Co-Producing Research on Infant-Feeding Experiences and Practices With Black Women With HIV.Sociology of health & illness · 2025Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Breastfeeding: Clinical Considerations and Mechanisms of Transmission in the Modern Era of Combined Antiretroviral Therapy.Clinics in perinatology · 2024Review
- How women living with HIV in the UK manage infant-feeding decisions and vertical transmission risk - a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Breastfeeding in the United States Among Women With HIV: Con Viewpoint.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn North American countries, national guidelines have strongly recommended formula over breastmilk for people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) because of concern for HIV transmission. However, data from resource-limited settings suggest the risk is <1% among virally suppressed people. Information regarding breastfeeding experience in high-resource settings is lacking.
methodsA retrospective multisite study was performed for individuals with HIV who breastfed during 2014-2022 in the United States (8 sites) and Canada (3 sites). Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis.
resultsAmong the 72 cases reported, most had been diagnosed with HIV and were on antiretroviral therapy prior to the index pregnancy and had undetectable viral loads at delivery. Most commonly reported reasons for choosing to breastfeed were health benefits, community expectations, and parent-child bonding. Median duration of breastfeeding was 24 weeks (range, 1 day to 72 weeks). Regimens for infant prophylaxis and protocols for testing of infants and birthing parents varied widely among institutions. No neonatal transmissions occurred among the 94% of infants for whom results were available ≥6 weeks after weaning.
conclusionsThis study describes the largest cohort to date of people with HIV who breastfed in North America. Findings demonstrate high variability among institutions in policies, infant prophylaxis, and infant and parental testing practices. The study describes challenges in weighing the potential risks of transmission with personal and community factors. Finally, this study highlights the relatively small numbers of patients with HIV who chose to breastfeed at any 1 location, and the need for further multisite studies to identify best care practices.
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