ArticleBMC public health2023
Insights into barriers and facilitators in PrEP uptake and use among migrant men and transwomen who have sex with men in Belgium.
Article in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sexual and Gender Minority Migrants' Experiences of Health Service Access and Utilisation: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis.Journal of clinical nursing · 2025Pooled it
- Lost and Not Found: Determinants and Patterns of Loss to Follow-Up Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Dutch HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Pilot Program.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Avoiding the cost of complacency: barriers and solutions to ending the HIV epidemic in Europe.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Intensive longitudinal follow-up of cisgender and transgender women engaged in sex work during the three months following initiation of daily oral PrEP: A series of case-studies with mixed-method assessments.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- The unseen impact of affordability: copayment sensitivity for long-acting PrEP among MSM in six European Countries, October 2023-April 2024.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Perceptions of Long-Acting Injectable Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Individuals in Europe Using Structural Text Modeling Technique: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Oral PrEP use and intention to use long-acting PrEP regimens among MSM accessing PrEP via governmental and non-governmental provision pathways, 20 European countries, October 2023 to April 2024.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Profile of Persons Recently Infected with HIV-1 in Belgium: New Insights to Tailor Prevention Efforts.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- PrEP Among Sub-Saharan African Diaspora Communities in Belgium - a Participatory Action Research Study.Journal of community health · 2024Article
- HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Care in Belgium: A mixed-methods Study on PrEP Users' Experiences and Service Delivery Preferences.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrEP uptake is low among non-Belgian men and transwomen who have sex with men, although the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men in Belgium is diversifying in terms of nationalities and ethnicity. We lack an in-depth understanding of this gap.
methodsWe conducted a qualitative study using a grounded theory approach. The data consists of key informants interviews and in-depth interviews with migrant men or transwomen who have sex with men.
resultsWe identified four underlying determinants which shape our participants' experiences and contextualize the barriers to PrEP use. These include (1) the intersectional identities of being migrant and men and transwomen who have sex with men, (2) migration related stressors, (3) mental health and (4) socio-economic vulnerability. Identified barriers include: the accessibility of services; availability of information, social resources and providers' attitudes. These barriers influence PrEP acceptance and mediated by individual agency this influences their PrEP uptake.
conclusionAn interplay of several underlying determinants and barriers impacts on PrEP uptake among migrant men and transwomen who have sex with men, illustrating a social gradient in access to PrEP. We need equitable access to the full spectrum of HIV prevention and care for all priority populations, including undocumented migrants. We recommend social and structural conditions that foster exercising these rights, including adapting PrEP service delivery, mental health and social support.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.