Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37073161›Full record

ArticleNPJ clean water2023

Modelling seasonal household variation in harvested rainwater availability: a case study in Siaya County, Kenya.

Weiyu Yu, Peggy Wanza, Emmah Kwoba, Thumbi Mwangi, Joseph Okotto-Okotto, Diogo Trajano Gomes da Silva, Jim A Wright

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ clean water, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Weiyu YuSchool of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Fengxian campus, Shanghai, 201418 China.
Peggy WanzaCentre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. BOX 1578-1400, Kisian campus, Kisumu-Busia Highway, Kisumu, Kenya.
Emmah KwobaCentre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. BOX 1578-1400, Kisian campus, Kisumu-Busia Highway, Kisumu, Kenya.
Thumbi MwangiCentre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. BOX 1578-1400, Kisian campus, Kisumu-Busia Highway, Kisumu, Kenya.
Joseph Okotto-OkottoVictoria Institute for Research on Environment and Development (VIRED) International, P.O. BOX 6423-40103, off Nairobi Road, Rabuor, Kenya.
Diogo Trajano Gomes da SilvaEnvironmental and Public Health Research and Enterprise Group, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Cockcroft Building, Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GJ UK.
Jim A WrightSchool of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Building 44, Highfield campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8842-2181

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/P024920/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rainwater harvesting reliability, the proportion of days annually when rainwater demand is fully met, is challenging to estimate from cross-sectional household surveys that underpin international monitoring. This study investigated the use of a modelling approach that integrates household surveys with gridded precipitation data to evaluate rainwater harvesting reliability, using two local-scale household surveys in rural Siaya County, Kenya as an illustrative case study. We interviewed 234 households, administering a standard questionnaire that also identified the source of household stored drinking water. Logistic mixed effects models estimated stored rainwater availability from household and climatological variables, with random effects accounting for unobserved heterogeneity. Household rainwater availability was significantly associated with seasonality, storage capacity, and access to alternative improved water sources. Most households (95.1%) that consumed rainwater faced insufficient supply of rainwater available for potable needs throughout the year, with intermittencies during the short rains for most households with alternative improved sources. Although not significant, stored rainwater lasts longer for households whose only improved water source was rainwater (301.8 ± 40.2 days) compared to those having multiple improved sources (144.4 ± 63.7 days). Such modelling analysis could enable rainwater harvesting reliability estimation, and thereby national/international monitoring and targeted follow-up fieldwork to support rainwater harvesting.

Indexed as

Developing worldGeographyWater resources

Identifiers

PMID37073161
PMCPMC10099009

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.