Trial reportIntensive care medicine2023
Interferon gamma-1b for the prevention of hospital-acquired pneumonia in critically ill patients: a phase 2, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in Intensive care medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alterations of the host-lung microbiome metasystem in systemic inflammatory response syndrome is associated with secondary pneumonia.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Disturbed metabolic adaptation drives natural killer cell dysfunction in association with nosocomial infection during human sepsis.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Host-directed immune therapies: a second front in the battle against sepsis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Pediatric Critical Illness, Immunometabolism and Cardiovascular Risk: A Narrative Review.Minerva pediatrics · 2026Article
- Interferon gamma applied ex vivo restores function to neutrophils from critically ill patients.Thorax · 2026Observational
- Identification of a robust metabolic signature associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia and response to interferon-gamma treatment in critically ill patients.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Observational
- Context-specific regulatory genetic variation in MTOR dampens neutrophil-T cell crosstalk in pneumonia-associated sepsis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Neuro-immune dysregulation after traumatic brain injury: immunomodulatory strategies to prevent infectious complications.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Immune monitoring, immune phenotyping, and precision intervention in severe pneumonia: current evidence and translational challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Whole transcriptome analysis reveals T cell signaling activation in septic patients with thrombocytopenia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Lung virome convergence precedes hospital-acquired pneumonia in intubated critically ill patients.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- IFNγ in human sepsis: a scoping review.Annals of intensive care · 2025Review
- Biomarkers to guide sepsis management.Annals of intensive care · 2025Review
- Identification and validation of robust hospital-acquired pneumonia subphenotypes associated with all-cause mortality: a multi-cohort derivation and validation.Intensive care medicine · 2025Article
- The blood transcriptional response in patients developing intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia.The European respiratory journal · 2025Article
- A pan-immune panorama of bacterial pneumonia revealed by a large-scale single-cell transcriptome atlas.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- Reassessing sepsis research: new clues for old players and new players for an old symptom to improve patient outcomes.EXCLI journal · 2025Review
- Considering local immunity for innovative immunomodulatory approaches: pulmonary sepsis as a use case.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Decoding immune low-response states in sepsis: single-cell and 3D spatial transcriptomic insights into immunoparalysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Challenges of monocyte HLA-DR targeted immunomodulation in sepsis-a prospective observational cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWe aimed to determine whether interferon gamma-1b prevents hospital-acquired pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients.
methodsIn a multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized trial conducted in 11 European hospitals, we randomly assigned critically ill adults, with one or more acute organ failures, under mechanical ventilation to receive interferon gamma-1b (100 µg every 48 h from day 1 to 9) or placebo (following the same regimen). The primary outcome was a composite of hospital-acquired pneumonia or all-cause mortality on day 28. The planned sample size was 200 with interim safety analyses after enrolling 50 and 100 patients.
resultsThe study was discontinued after the second safety analysis for potential harm with interferon gamma-1b, and the follow-up was completed in June 2022. Among 109 randomized patients (median age, 57 (41-66) years; 37 (33.9%) women; all included in France), 108 (99%) completed the trial. Twenty-eight days after inclusion, 26 of 55 participants (47.3%) in the interferon-gamma group and 16 of 53 (30.2%) in the placebo group had hospital-acquired pneumonia or died (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.94-3.29; P = 0.08). Serious adverse events were reported in 24 of 55 participants (43.6%) in the interferon-gamma group and 17 of 54 (31.5%) in the placebo group (P = 0.19). In an exploratory analysis, we found that hospital-acquired pneumonia developed in a subgroup of patients with decreased CCL17 response to interferon-gamma treatment.
conclusionsAmong mechanically ventilated patients with acute organ failure, treatment with interferon gamma-1b compared with placebo did not significantly reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia or death on day 28. Furthermore, the trial was discontinued early due to safety concerns about interferon gamma-1b treatment.
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