ArticleJournal of neuropathology and experimental neurology2023
Cerebral white matter rarefaction has both neurodegenerative and vascular causes and may primarily be a distal axonopathy.
Article in Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Machine learning applications in vascular neuroimaging for the diagnosis and prognosis of cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Predicting Autopsy-Confirmed Neuropathology across Clinical, Neuroimaging, and CSF Biomarkers using Machine Learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Frequency of mixed neuropathologies in individuals with down syndrome with and without Alzheimer's dementia.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Article
- Olfactory decline in aging: longitudinal trajectories and associations with cognitive decline and postmortem neuropathology.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Identification of distinct and shared biomarker panels in different manifestations of cerebral small-vessel disease through proteomic profiling.Nature aging · 2026Article
- Gray matter microstructure from in vivo diffusion magnetic resonance imaging reflects post mortem neuropathology severity and clinical progression of Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Longitudinal assessment of cognitive decline and resilience in high-level Alzheimer disease neuropathologic change.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- Heterogeneity of white matter hyperintensities in Alzheimer's disease captured by multimodal neuroimaging.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Neuropsychiatric symptom subtypes and dementia-associated neuropathologic change.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Identification of distinct and shared biomarker panels in different manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease through proteomic profiling.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Comorbidities in early-onset sporadic versus presenilin-1 mutation-associated Alzheimer disease dementia: Evidence for dependency on Alzheimer disease neuropathological changes.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2025Article
- The immunology of stroke and dementia.Immunity · 2025Review
- Revised criteria for diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer's disease: Alzheimer's Association Workgroup.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- White matter hyperintensity patterns: associations with comorbidities, amyloid, and cognition.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Comparison of histological procedures and antigenicity of human post-mortem brains fixed with solutions used in gross anatomy laboratories.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2024Article
- Alcohol Use Disorder and Dementia: A Review.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
33 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cerebral white matter rarefaction (CWMR) was considered by Binswanger and Alzheimer to be due to cerebral arteriolosclerosis. Renewed attention came with CT and MR brain imaging, and neuropathological studies finding a high rate of CWMR in Alzheimer disease (AD). The relative contributions of cerebrovascular disease and AD to CWMR are still uncertain. In 1181 autopsies by the Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders (AZSAND), large-format brain sections were used to grade CWMR and determine its vascular and neurodegenerative correlates. Almost all neurodegenerative diseases had more severe CWMR than the normal control group. Multivariable logistic regression models indicated that Braak neurofibrillary stage was the strongest predictor of CWMR, with additional independently significant predictors including age, cortical and diencephalic lacunar and microinfarcts, body mass index, and female sex. It appears that while AD and cerebrovascular pathology may be additive in causing CWMR, both may be solely capable of this. The typical periventricular pattern suggests that CWMR is primarily a distal axonopathy caused by dysfunction of the cell bodies of long-association corticocortical projection neurons. A consequence of these findings is that CWMR should not be viewed simply as "small vessel disease" or as a pathognomonic indicator of vascular cognitive impairment or vascular dementia.
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