ArticleRheumatology international2023
Four-factor risk score for the prediction of interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis.
Article in Rheumatology international, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis identifies the major impact of patient classification on the ACPA association with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD).Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- A machine learning-based classification model for interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Trial
- Combining Three Peripheral Blood Biomarkers to Stratify Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease Risk.Arthritis care & research · 2026Observational
- Peripheral blood transcriptomic analysis of patients with rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease reveals: distinct molecular signature with evidence of humoral and myeloid immunity.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Article
- Clinical Factors Associated with hrCT-Confirmed Interstitial Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Early detection and risk stratification in autoimmune-related interstitial lung disease: a state-of-the-art review.Respiratory research · 2026Review
- Risk factors for interstitial lung disease in early rheumatoid arthritis and external validation of screening strategies: a cross-sectional analysis of the prospective SAIL-RA cohort in the USA.The Lancet. Rheumatology · 2025Article
- Comparable area under the curve for three risk scores to detect interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: an external validation.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- Enhanced education and support needs in rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) - patient experiences from a multicentre UK survey.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- Radiological extent predicts prognosis and relapse after acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: KEIO-RA-cohort.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- Treatment with nintedanib is as effective and safe in patients with other connective tissue diseases (CTDs)-interstitial lung disease (ILD) as in patients with systemic sclerosis-ILD: A multicenter retrospective study.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Rheumatoid Factor: Diagnostic and Prognostic Performance and Therapeutic Implications in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Development and validation of predictive factors influencing rheumatoid arthritis associated with interstitial lung disease.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Detecting respiratory impairment in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis by MRC dyspnoea scale and microfibrillar-associated protein 4.European clinical respiratory journal · 2025Article
- A Practical Multidisciplinary Approach to Identifying Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: A Clinician's Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Moving forward in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease Screening.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Design of ANCHOR-RA: a multi-national cross-sectional study on screening for interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.BMC rheumatology · 2024Article
- Survival differences in rheumatoid arthritis interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis may be explained by delays in presentation: results from multivariate analysis in a monocentric UK study.Rheumatology international · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveInterstitial lung disease (ILD) is one of the commonest systemic complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and carries a significant morbidity and mortality burden. We aimed to identify key variables to risk-stratify RA patients in order to identify those at increased risk of developing ILD. We propose a probability score based on the identification of these variables.
methodsA retrospective, multicentre study using clinical data collected between 2010 and 2020, across 20 centres.
resultsA total of 430 RA (210 with ILD confirmed on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)) patients were evaluated. We explored several independent variables for the risk of developing ILD in RA and found that the key significant variables were smoking (past or present), older age and positive rheumatoid factor/anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to form a scoring system for categorising patients into high and low risk on a scale of 0-9 points and a cut-off score of 5, based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.76 (CI 95% 0.71-0.82). This yielded a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 58%. High-risk patients should be considered for investigation with HRCT and monitored closely.
conclusionWe have proposed a new model for identifying RA patients at risk of developing ILD. This approach identified four simple clinical variables: age, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, Rheumatoid factor and smoking, which allowed development of a predictive scoring system for the presence of ILD in patients with RA.
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