ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2023
T cell subsets, regulatory T, regulatory B cells and proinflammatory cytokine profile in Schistosoma haematobium associated bladder cancer: First report from Upper Egypt.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Global Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Parasitic Coinfection in People Living with Viruses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Schistosoma haematobium infection and treatment on the systemic and mucosal immune phenotype, gene expression and microbiome: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Pooled it
- IL-17A and IFN-α associated with female genital schistosomiasis lesions.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Parasitic Infections and Carcinogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms, Immune Modulation, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Oncology research · 2026Review
- The immune microenvironment of pathogen-associated cancers and current clinical therapeutics.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Multi-omics analysis of lactate metabolism gene regulation in Clonorchis sinensis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Tracing the Evolution of Sex Hormones and Receptor-Mediated Immune Microenvironmental Differences in Prostate and Bladder Cancers: From Embryonic Development to Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Epidemiology, molecular typing, microbiome-immune interactions and treatment strategies of endometrial cancer: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Current status and future prospects of molecular imaging in targeting the tumor immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Beyond schistosomiasis: unraveling co-infections and altered immunity.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Strategies for Overcoming Immune Evasion in Bladder Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe function of different populations of the immune system in bladder cancer (BCa) is well established. However, the cohesive role of the immune cell profile of schistosomal BCa at systemic and tissue levels is still lacking, especially in endemic countries. The balance hypothesized between protumorigenic and antitumor molecules determines the prognosis of tumor progression. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of T cell subsets at both blood and tumor tissue, regulatory T(Treg), regulatory B cells (Breg) and proinflammatory cytokines in S. haematobium-related BCa patients in Egypt. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsThe frequency of T cell subsets at both blood and tumor tissue, regulatory T(Treg), regulatory B cells (Breg) were studied by flow cytometry and proinflammatory cytokines by ELISA in S. haematobium-related BCa patients in Egypt. The results indicated a significant increase in the activity of T-cell populations, particularly CD3+, CD4+, and regulatory T cells (Tregs), and a decrease in cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in the patient group. An increased proportion of CD19+CD24+CD38+ Bregs and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) was also observed. However, T-cell subpopulations in the tumor microenvironment showed a significant reduction in cancer patients compared to controls. Moreover, positive correlations were observed between the frequencies of Bregs and Tregs, suggesting the promotion of cancer progression besides their relation to the intensity of schistosomal infection. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Trapped Schistosoma haematobium eggs in bladder tissue might lead to persistent inflammation that contributes to immunomodulation and promotes tumor progression, as evidenced by the increase in peripheral T helper, Tregs, Bregs and serum tumor-promoting cytokines. Considering the role and integrated functions of specific immune responses in BCa could help future diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.