ArticleOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2023
Geriatric nutritional risk index as the prognostic factor in older patients with fragility hip fractures.
Article in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Secondary fracture risk after hip fracture in older patients: an updated sex-specific systematic review and meta analysis with GRADE and PAF assessment.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Pooled it
- Association of multidimensional biomarkers of immune, nutritional, inflammatory, and metabolic status with postoperative outcomes in older hip fracture patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Malnutrition-Related Health Outcomes in Older Adults with Hip Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Preoperative Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and Comorbidity Burden as Mortality Risk Markers After Proximal Femoral Nailing in Older Patients with Pertrochanteric Hip Fractures.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Toe Grasp Strength and Its Association with Muscle Mass and Calcaneal Bone Status in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2026Article
- Article
- The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Is an Independent Predictor of Prosthesis Aseptic Loosening in Patients Undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty.Orthopaedic surgery · 2026Article
- Osteocytes regulate osteoprotegerin expression via the p38-MAPK-CREB pathway in rheumatoid arthritis.JBMR plus · 2026Article
- Prognostic Nutritional Index is a Superior Predictor to Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index for 1-Year Mortality in Older Adult Patients with Proximal Femoral Fractures.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of a Robust Prediction Model for Postoperative Pneumonia in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture: Integrating Frailty, Nutrition, and Comprehensive Risk Assessment.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a machine learning-based model for diagnosing perioperative malnutrition in older adults with hip fracture.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Feasibility and tolerability of electrical muscle stimulation during rehabilitation in older adults with osteoporotic vertebral fractures.Osteoporosis and sarcopenia · 2025Article
- Geriatric nutritional risk index and prognostic nutritional index improves predictive value of postoperative mortality: a large-scale retrospective cohort study.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- Malnutrition in Older Hip Fracture Patients: Prevalence, Pathophysiology, Clinical Outcomes, and Treatment-A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Impact of preoperative nutritional impairment on physical function early after total hip arthroplasty.Bone & joint open · 2025Article
- Geriatric nutritional risk index predicts postoperative outcomes in elderly patients with pancreatoduodenectomy: a propensity score-matched analysis.Gland surgery · 2025Article
- Predictive Value of Preoperative Nutritional Risk Index for Screw Loosening After Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Elderly Patients With Lumbar Spine Diseases.Orthopaedic surgery · 2025Article
- Association between Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and all-cause mortality in individuals with osteoporotic fractures: a retrospective cohort study.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
- Association of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index With Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality Among US Elderly Adults With Diabetic Nephropathy.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Article
- The relationship between elderly nutritional risk index and short-term all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with cerebral injury: a retrospective cohort study from two cohorts.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
27 authors at 18 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study investigated the long-term survival and incidence of secondary fractures after fragility hip fractures. The 5-year survival rate was 62%, and the mortality risk was seen in patients with GNRI < 92. The 5-year incidence of secondary fracture was 22%, which was significantly higher in patients with a BMI < 20.
backgroundMalnutrition negatively influences the postoperative survival of patients with fragility hip fractures (FHFs); however, little is known about their association over the long term.
objectiveThis study evaluated the ability of the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) as a risk factor for long-term mortality after FHFs.
methodsThis study included 623 Japanese patients with FHFs over the age of 60 years. We prospectively collected data on admission and during hospitalization and assessed the patients' conditions after discharge through a questionnaire. We examined the long-term mortality and the incidence of secondary FHFs and assessed the prognostic factors.
resultsThe mean observation period was 4.0 years (range 0-7 years). The average age at the time of admission was 82 years (range 60-101 years). The overall survival after FHFs (1 year, 91%; 5 years, 62%) and the incidence of secondary FHFs were high (1 year, 4%; 5 years, 22%). The multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed the risk factors for mortality as older age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04), male sex (HR 1.96), lower GNRI score (HR 0.96), comorbidities (malignancy, HR 2.51; ischemic heart disease, HR 2.24; revised Hasegawa dementia scale ≤ 20, HR 1.64), no use of active vitamin D3 on admission (HR 0.46), and a lower Barthel index (BI) (on admission, HR 1.00; at discharge, HR 0.99). The GNRI scores were divided into four risk categories: major risk (GNRI, < 82), moderate risk (82-91), low risk (92-98), and no risk (> 98). Patients at major and moderate risks of GNRI had a significantly lower overall survival rate (p < 0.001). Lower body mass index (BMI) was also identified as a prognostic factor for secondary FHFs (HR 0.88 [p = 0.004]).
conclusionsWe showed that older age, male sex, a lower GNRI score, comorbidities, and a lower BI are risk factors for mortality following FHFs. GNRI is a novel and simple predictor of long-term survival after FHFs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.