ArticleCoordination chemistry reviews2023
Hydration Reactions Catalyzed by Transition Metal-NHC (NHC = N-Heterocyclic Carbene) Complexes.
Article in Coordination chemistry reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oxidant-free Au(I)/Au(III) catalysis: Rational development of hemilabile proximity-guided N-heterocyclic carbenes.Science advances · 2026Article
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- Advances in Catalysis Using N-Heterocyclic Carbene Platinum Complexes.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- IPaulDalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003) · 2025Article
- Recent advances in enyne cycloisomerization using N-heterocyclic carbene gold complexes.RSC advances · 2025Review
- IPr**Organometallics · 2025Article
- Metal-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes in Buchwald-Hartwig Amination Reactions.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- Gold(I) Complexes of ImPyDippDipp and ImPyMesMes: Biaryl L‑Shaped N‑Heterocyclic Carbene Analogues of IPr and IMes.Organometallics · 2025Article
- L-Cysteine-Catalysed Hydration of Activated Alkynes.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- IPr*Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2024Article
- Synthesis and Electrochemical Study of Gold(I) Carbene Complexes.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Ring-Expanded N-Heterocyclic Carbene (reNHC) Complexes: Applications in Transition Metal Catalysis.Coordination chemistry reviews · 2024Article
- [Au(NpCatalysis science & technology · 2023Article
- 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate as suitable solvent for BFBeilstein journal of organic chemistry · 2023Article
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2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
The catalytic addition of water to unsaturated C-C or C-N π bonds represent one of the most important and environmentally sustainable methods to form C-O bonds for the production of synthetic intermediates, medicinal agents and natural products. The traditional acid-catalyzed hydration of unsaturated compounds typically requires strong acids or toxic mercury salts, which limits practical applications and presents safety and environmental concerns. Today, transition-metal-catalyzed hydration supported by NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) ligands has attracted major attention. By rational design of ligands, choice of metals and counterions as well as mechanistic studies and the development of heterogeneous systems, major progress has been achieved for a broad range of hydration processes. In particular, the combination of NHC ligands with gold shows excellent reactivity compared with other catalytic systems; however, other systems based on silver, ruthenium, osmium, platinum, rhodium and nickel have also been discovered. Ancillary NHC ligands provide stabilization of transition metals and ensure high catalytic activity in hydration owing to their unique electronic and steric properties. NHC-Au(I) complexes are particularly favored for hydration of unsaturated hydrocarbons due to soft and carbophilic properties of gold. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of hydration reactions catalyzed by transition metal-NHC complexes and their applications in catalytic hydration of different classes of π-substrates with a focus on the role of NHC ligands, types of metals and counterions.
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