ReviewORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties2023
Olfactory Nomenclature: An Orchestrated Effort to Clarify Terms and Definitions of Dysosmia, Anosmia, Hyposmia, Normosmia, Hyperosmia, Olfactory Intolerance, Parosmia, and Phantosmia/Olfactory Hallucination.
Review in ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Development and Validation of the Smell-Qx Questionnaire, Based on a Systematic Review of the Literature and the COMET Initiative on the Development of Core Outcome Sets for Clinical Trials in Olfactory Disorders.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2025Pooled it
- Modelling Olfactory Dysfunction in Rodents Through Intranasal Vanadium Exposure.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- The Unmet Need of Olfactory Testing in Inflammatory Disorders of the Upper Airways-An EAACI Position Paper.Allergy · 2026Review
- Article
- Self-Reported Smell and Taste Disorders in the General Population: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Austria, Germany and Switzerland.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Sudden sensorineural olfactory loss: a structured narrative review and proposal for a standardised terminological framework.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Review
- Improved olfactory function following high-frequency transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation in post-COVID-19 patients with olfactory dysfunction.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Olfactory abnormalities in patients with migraine: a narrative review of a symptom commonly overlooked by neurologists.Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2025Review
- Electrical Stimulation of Trigeminal Nerve at the Anterior Nasal Septum in Healthy Individuals and Patients With Olfactory Dysfunction.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2025Article
- Osmophobia in Patients With Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2025Review
- Effects of one year of extreme isolation in Antarctica on olfactory and gustatory functions.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Towards universal chemosensory testing: needs, barriers, and opportunities.Chemical senses · 2025Article
- Parosmia: Pathophysiology and Management.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2025Review
- Association between olfactory dysfunction and gustatory dysfunction: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Real-World Outcomes of 3-Month Olfactory Training on Post-COVID-19 Parosmia.ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties · 2025Article
- The mysterious sense of smell: evolution, historical perspectives, and neurological disorders.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Review
- Development of an rpS6-Based Ex Vivo Assay for the Analysis of Neuronal Activity in Mouse and Human Olfactory Systems.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Olfactory Dysfunction and Glaucoma.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Associations between olfactory dysfunction and cognition: a scoping review.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Subjective versus Psychophysical Measures of Chemosensory Alterations following COVID-19.ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErratum.2023
Authors and funding
19 authors at 17 institutions in 13 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDefinitions are essential for effective communication and discourse, particularly in science. They allow the shared understanding of a thought or idea, generalization of knowledge, and comparison across scientific investigation. The current terms describing olfactory dysfunction are vague and overlapping. SUMMARY: As a group of clinical olfactory researchers, we propose the standardization of the terms "dysosmia," "anosmia," "hyposmia," "normosmia," "hyperosmia," "olfactory intolerance," "parosmia," and "phantosmia" (or "olfactory hallucination") in olfaction-related communication, with specific definitions in this text. KEY MESSAGES: The words included in this paper were determined as those which are most frequently used in the context of olfactory function and dysfunction, in both clinical and research settings. Despite widespread use in publications, however, there still exists some disagreement in the literature regarding the definitions of terms related to olfaction. Multiple overlapping and imprecise terms that are currently in use are confusing and hinder clarity and universal understanding of these concepts. There is a pressing need to have a unified agreement on the definitions of these olfactory terms by researchers working in the field of chemosensory sciences. With the increased interest in olfaction, precise use of these terms will improve the ability to integrate and advance knowledge in this field.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.