ArticleNature communications2023
Delayed generation of functional virus-specific circulating T follicular helper cells correlates with severe COVID-19.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06401720 (Respiratory Immune Responses in Human Influenza Virus Infection Across Age to Understand What Dictates Disease Severity), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Respiratory Immune Responses in Human Influenza Virus Infection Across Age to Understand What Dictates Disease Severity
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- T Follicular Helper Cell Immune Signatures Associated With Disease Severity in Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Immunological orchestration and dysregulation in COVID-19 pneumonia: from viral pathogenesis to precision therapeutics in the post-pandemic era.Folia microbiologica · 2025Review
- Endemic coronavirus infection is associated with SARS-CoV-2 Fc receptor-binding antibodies.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Pathogenesis of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection at the extremes of age: decipher the ominous tales of immune vulnerability.Advanced biotechnology · 2025Review
- Decreased levels and function of dendritic cells in blood and airways predict COVID-19 severity.Clinical & translational immunology · 2025Article
- Immune signature in vaccinated versus non-vaccinated aged people with COVID-19 pneumonia.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Atypical and non-classical CD45RBNature communications · 2024Article
- Correlation between circulating T follicular helper cell levels after infection and a decreased risk of COVID-19 re-infection.Virologica Sinica · 2024Article
- Initial COVID-19 severity influenced by SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells imprints T-cell memory and inversely affects reinfection.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Article
- Coordinated expansion of memory T follicular helper and B cells mediates spontaneous clearance of HCV reinfection.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Long-term COVID-19 vaccine- and Omicron infection-induced humoral and cell-mediated immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Role of circulating T follicular helper subsets following Ty21a immunization and oral challenge with wild typeFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- ATP-P2X7R pathway activation limits the Tfh cell compartment during pediatric RSV infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Development of a proteomic signature associated with severe disease for patients with COVID-19 using data from 5 multicenter, randomized, controlled, and prospective studies.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Severe respiratory viral infections: T-cell functions diverging from immunity to inflammation.Trends in microbiology · 2023Review
- Sarcoidosis-related autoimmune inflammation in COVID-19 convalescent patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
28 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Effective humoral immune responses require well-orchestrated B and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell interactions. Whether these interactions are impaired and associated with COVID-19 disease severity is unclear. Here, longitudinal blood samples across COVID-19 disease severity are analysed. We find that during acute infection SARS-CoV-2-specific circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells expand with disease severity. SARS-CoV-2-specific cTfh cell frequencies correlate with plasmablast frequencies and SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers, avidity and neutralization. Furthermore, cTfh cells but not other memory CD4 T cells, from severe patients better induce plasmablast differentiation and antibody production compared to cTfh cells from mild patients. However, virus-specific cTfh cell development is delayed in patients that display or later develop severe disease compared to those with mild disease, which correlates with delayed induction of high-avidity neutralizing antibodies. Our study suggests that impaired generation of functional virus-specific cTfh cells delays high-quality antibody production at an early stage, potentially enabling progression to severe disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.