ArticleIrish journal of medical science2023
Comparison of the long-term efficacy and safety of multiple endoscopic rubber band ligations in a single session for varying grades of internal hemorrhoids.
Article in Irish journal of medical science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Radiofrequency Ablation for Hemorrhoidal Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Clinical efficacy and recurrence analysis of endoscopic rubber band ligation combined with external hemorrhoidectomy for mixed hemorrhoids.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of combined endoscopic rubber band ligation in the treatment of grade II-III prolapsed hemorrhoids: a retrospective study (with video).Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Hemorrhoidal elastic band ligation during routine colonoscopy: A comparative study between flexible video endoscopy and rigid proctoscopy.World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is no consensus on the number of ligation bands for varying grades of internal hemorrhoids (IH) in a single session of endoscopic rubber band ligation (ERBL).
aimsThe aims of this study were to investigate this issue.
methodsPatients with IH were treated with ERBL. The primary endpoint was no hemorrhoid symptoms 6 weeks after ERBL. The secondary endpoints were postoperative complications and recurrence.
resultsOne hundred twenty-three eligible patients met the inclusion criteria, and 3 patients were excluded. The average bands were 3.9 ± 1.1, and grade II hemorrhoids required significantly fewer bands than grade III hemorrhoids (3.45 ± 0.85 vs 4.35 ± 1.06, P = 0.000). 78.8% of patients achieved the primary endpoint. The efficacy of grade II hemorrhoids was higher than that of grade III hemorrhoids (87.8% vs 69.2%). The incidence of postoperative complications was not significantly correlated with the grade of hemorrhoids (P = 0.201) and the number of bands (P = 0.886). The median follow-up time was 14.3 ± 7.9 (1.3-30.9) months. The overall recurrence rate was 25.0%, with grade III significantly higher than grade I-II (32.8% vs 14.6%, P = 0.027). For grade III hemorrhoids, the recurrence rate was lower with more than 4 bands of ligation than with less than 4 bands (26.5% vs 53.3%).
conclusionsThe average ERBL treatment of IH requires nearly four bands, and grade II hemorrhoids require less banding than grade III hemorrhoids, while the efficacy was better. Increasing the number of bands improves the treatment efficacy for grade III IH, which could be a strategy to reduce the recurrence rate without increasing postoperative complications.
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Registered trials
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