ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2023
Nicotine, alcohol, and caffeine use among individuals with untreated obstructive sleep apnea.
Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Safety ofNutrients · 2026Trial
- Environmental, social, and health burdens in relation to sleep-disordered breathing among patients of community-based health center clinics in the United States.Sleep medicine · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a nomogram for prediction postoperative sleep disorders in patients with oral cancer: a prospective study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Environmental, Social, and Health Burdens in relation to Sleep-Disordered Breathing among Patients of Community-Based Health Centers in the United States.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Association of modifiable risk factors with obstructive sleep apnea: a Mendelian randomization study.Aging · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPsychoactive substance use (i.e., nicotine, alcohol, and caffeine) has substantial effects on sleep architecture in healthy individuals, but their effects in those with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have not been well described. We aimed to describe the association between psychoactive substance use and sleep characteristics and daytime symptoms in individuals with untreated OSA.
methodsWe performed a secondary, cross-sectional analysis of The Apnea Positive Pressure Long-term Efficacy Study (APPLES). Exposures included current smoking, alcohol and caffeine use in individuals with untreated OSA. Outcome domains included subjective and objective sleep characteristics, daytime symptoms, and comorbid conditions. Linear or logistic regression assessed the association between substance use and each domain (e.g., self-reported sleep duration, total polysomnographic sleep time, sleepiness, and anxiety).
resultsOf the 919 individuals with untreated OSA, 116 (12.6%) were current cigarette smokers, 585 (63.7%) were moderate or heavy alcohol users, and 769 (83.7%) were moderate or heavy caffeine users. Participants were on average 52.2±11.9 years old, 65.2% were male with a median BMI of 30.6 (IQR: 27.2, 35.9, kg/m
conclusionsPsychoactive substance use is associated with sleep characteristics and clinically relevant correlates in people with untreated OSA. Further investigation into the effects that various substances have on this population may present opportunities to understand disease mechanisms more fully and increase the effectiveness of treatment in OSA.
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