ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2023
Bubble-Based Microrobots with Rapid Circular Motions for Epithelial Pinning and Drug Delivery.
Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Revisiting Colloid Theory for Biomedicine: Reconciling Simple Models in Complex Environments.ACS nano medicine · 2026Article
- Machine-intelligent multimodal algebot for intracavitary chemotherapy.Nature nanotechnology · 2026Article
- Self-propelled nanozyme motors for targeted therapy of radiation cystitis by disrupting the inflammation-cfDNA vicious cycle.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- SonoPIN enables precise, noninvasive, and efficient intracellular delivery of PROTACs.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Rigid Hollow Microparticles for Enhanced Focused Ultrasound Treatment Under Optoacoustic Guidance.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Acoustic shape-morphing micromachines.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Shape-morphing active particles with invertible effective polarizability for configurable locomotion and steering.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Active Propelled Micro Robots in Drug Delivery for Urologic Diseases.Micromachines · 2025Review
- Light-driven micro/nanobots.Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Ionic Liquid-Mediated Delivery of Ruxolitinib to Skin Using an Adhesive Topical Hydrogel System.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- In-Petri-Dish Traveling and Standing Acoustic Wave-Assisted Fabrication of Anisotropic Collagen Hydrogels.Materials advances · 2025Article
- Soft Extrudable Dendritic Particles with Nanostructured Tendrils for Local Adhesion and Drug Release to Bladder Cancers.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Real-time color flow mapping of ultrasound microrobots.Science advances · 2025Article
- Technology Roadmap of Micro/Nanorobots.ACS nano · 2025Review
- Precise surface patches on active particles of arbitrary shape through microstenciling.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Multiorifice acoustic microrobot for boundary-free multimodal 3D swimming.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Advanced Microrobots Driven by Acoustic and Magnetic Fields for Biomedical Applications.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Non-Reciprocity, Metastability, and Dynamic Reconfiguration in Co-Assembly of Active and Passive Particles.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Untethered Microgrippers for Biopsy in the Upper Urinary Tract.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Strategies for intravesical drug delivery: From bladder physiological barriers and potential transport mechanisms.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Remotely powered microrobots are proposed as next-generation vehicles for drug delivery. However, most microrobots swim with linear trajectories and lack the capacity to robustly adhere to soft tissues. This limits their ability to navigate complex biological environments and sustainably release drugs at target sites. In this work, bubble-based microrobots with complex geometries are shown to efficiently swim with non-linear trajectories in a mouse bladder, robustly pin to the epithelium, and slowly release therapeutic drugs. The asymmetric fins on the exterior bodies of the microrobots induce a rapid rotational component to their swimming motions of up to ≈150 body lengths per second. Due to their fast speeds and sharp fins, the microrobots can mechanically pin themselves to the bladder epithelium and endure shear stresses commensurate with urination. Dexamethasone, a small molecule drug used for inflammatory diseases, is encapsulated within the polymeric bodies of the microrobots. The sustained release of the drug is shown to temper inflammation in a manner that surpasses the performance of free drug controls. This system provides a potential strategy to use microrobots to efficiently navigate large volumes, pin at soft tissue boundaries, and release drugs over several days for a range of diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.