ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2023
A test battery for evaluation of muscle strength, balance and functional performance in subjects with chronic ankle instability: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05732168 (A Test Battery for Evaluation of Muscle Strength, Balance and Functional Performance in Subjects With Chronic Ankle Instability), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Test Battery for Evaluation of Muscle Strength, Balance and Functional Performance in Subjects With Chronic Ankle Instability: a Cross-sectional Study
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Medial heel wedge in balance training improves stability and function in chronic ankle instability.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- The role of morphology and function of intrinsic foot muscles in young handball players with chronic ankle instability.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Side Hop Test as a Predictor of Successful Return to Sports After Nonoperative Treatment or Modified Broström Operation in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability: Based on the Ankle-GO Score.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2026Article
- Relationship between the abdominal wall and chronic ankle instability.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A Battery of Jump Tests Helps Discriminating Between Subjects With and Without Chronic Ankle Instability.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStudies investigating ankle condition in subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI) using an on-the-field test battery are scarce. Understanding which tests that are most challenging for these subjects has the potential to set realistic goals in rehabilitation and return-to-sports criteria. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to investigate CAI subjects regarding strength, balance and functional performance with an easily used test battery that required minimal equipment.
methodsThis study was conducted with a cross-sectional design. A total of 20 CAI subjects, engaged in sports, and 15 healthy subjects serving as a control group, were tested for assessment of strength, balance and functional performance. A test battery was developed accordingly; isometric strength in inversion and eversion, the single leg stance test (SLS), single leg hop for distance (SLHD) and side hop test. The limb symmetry index was calculated to determine whether a side-to-side lower limb difference could be classified as normal or abnormal. The sensitivity of the test battery was also calculated.
resultsThe subjects were 20% weaker on the injured side compared with the non-injured side in eversion (p < 0.01) and 16% weaker in inversion (p < 0.01) (Table 2). For the SLS test, the mean score of the injured side was 8 points (67%) higher (more foot lifts) compared to the non-injured side (p < 0.01). The mean distance of the SLHD was 10 cm (9%) shorter for the injured side compare to the non-injured side (p = 0.03). The mean number of side hop was 11 repetitions (29%) fewer for the injured side compare to the non-injured side (p < 0.01). Six of the 20 subjects obtained abnormal LSI values in all five tests whereas none obtained normal values in all tests. The sensitivity of the test battery was 100%.
conclusionDeficits in muscle strength, balance and functional performance appear to be present in CAI subjects with the largest impairments in balance and side hop performance, which stresses the need for return to sport criteria for this group of subjects.
trial registrationRegistered retrospectively on 24/01/2023. NCT05732168.
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