SynthesisMolecular psychiatry2023
The association between inflammatory markers in blood and cerebrospinal fluid: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Molecular psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07284316 (Effect of a Multidomain Intervention Plus Turmeric on the Prevention of Cognitive Decline in People Over 55 Years of Age With Insulin Resistance), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of a Multidomain Intervention Plus Turmeric on the Prevention of Cognitive Decline in People Over 55 Years of Age With Insulin Resistance: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-traumatic stress disorder moderates the association between BrainAge acceleration and GrimAge acceleration.Neurobiology of aging · 2026Pooled it
- Dynamic Cytokine Relationships Across the Blood-Brain Barrier in Humans and Nonhuman Primates-Implications for Psychiatric Illness: A Systematic Review.Biological psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Gene expression signatures of response to fluoxetine treatment: systematic review and meta-analyses.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Biomarkers of Bipolar Disorder in Late Life: An Evidence-Based Systematic Review.Current psychiatry reports · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of estrogen and progesterone on neuroactive steroids and cytokines in patients with suicidality.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2023Trial
- Associations between immuno-metabolic markers, working memory, and functional brain activation in depressive and anxiety disorders.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- Assessing the Clinical Relevance of Blood Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 in Neurological Diseases.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Observational
- Dissecting PANoptosis in the Nervous System: A Unified Cell-Death Mechanism Driving Neuroimmune Activation and Chronic Neuroinflammation.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammation: an unfortunate term to describe schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Inflammatory blood-based biomarkers to aid in the assessment and prognostication of traumatic brain injury: a TRACK-TBI study.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Linking peripheral low-grade inflammation and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier leakage in schizophrenia spectrum disorders - A retrospective analysis.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Correlation between peripheral and central inflammatory and neuronal injury markers in mild cognitive impairment patients: the role of blood-brain barrier status.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Early Markers of Systemic Inflammation are not Related to Pain Burden After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Multicenter Observational Study.Neurocritical care · 2026Observational
- Environmental metals, prostaglandin pathways, and immune-mediated neuroinflammation in autism spectrum disorder: A secondary analysis of peripheral biomarker studies.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Moving Toward Objective Diagnosis in Fibromyalgia: Emerging Biomarkers and Digital Phenotyping Tools.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Biomarkers Identifying Tendency to Suicide (BITS): detection of biomarkers in adolescents with suicidal ideation or suicidal behavior for early prevention or intervention. A prospective cohort study.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Serum and cerebrospinal fluid neuroinflammatory biomarkers and trimethylamine N-oxide: associations with white matter lesion severity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Inflammatory and Neurotrophic Factors and Their Connection to Quality of Life in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy-Single-Center Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNeuroinflammatory processes have been hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of psychiatric and neurological diseases. Studies on this topic often rely on analysis of inflammatory biomarkers in peripheral blood. Unfortunately, the extent to which these peripheral markers reflect inflammatory processes in the central nervous system (CNS) is unclear.
methodsWe performed a systematic review and found 29 studies examining the association between inflammatory marker levels in blood and cerebrospinal (CSF) samples. We performed a random effects meta-analysis of 21 studies (pooled n = 1679 paired samples) that reported the correlation of inflammatory markers in paired blood-CSF samples.
resultsA qualitative review revealed moderate to high quality of included studies with the majority of studies reporting no significant correlation of inflammatory markers between paired blood-CSF. Meta-analyses revealed a significant low pooled correlation between peripheral and CSF biomarkers (r = 0.21). Meta-analyses of individual cytokines revealed a significant pooled correlation for IL-6 (r = 0.26) and TNFα (r = 0.3) after excluding outlier studies, but not for other cytokines. Sensitivity analyses showed that correlations were highest among participants with a median age above 50 (r = 0.46) and among autoimmune disorder patients (r = 0.35).
conclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis revealed poor correlation between peripheral and central inflammatory markers in paired blood-CSF samples, with increased correlations in certain study populations. Based on the current findings, peripheral inflammatory markers are a poor reflection of the neuroinflammatory profile.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.