ArticlePloS one2023
Condyloma acuminata: An evaluation of the immune response at cellular and molecular levels.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-Term Follow-Up After Surgical Treatment of Anogenital and Oropharyngeal Condyloma Acuminata with Simultaneous HPV Vaccination Initiation in Patients with Concurrent HPV-16 or -18 Co-Infection.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Role of hyperthermia in overcoming HPV‑mediated MHC‑Ⅰ downregulation and promoting immune surveillance.International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Integrative metabolomic and single-cell transcriptomic analysis of recurrent condyloma acuminatum in humans.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Histopathological Features and p16/p62 Expression as Indicators of High-Risk HPV Co-Infection in Anogenital Condyloma Acuminata.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- Changes in the vaginal microbiome in female patients with condyloma acuminatum and its impact on persistent HPV infection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Interleukins in the Pathogenesis of Warts: Insight from the Last Decade-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Successful Treatment with a Combination of Oral and Topical Glycyrrhizinic Acid in an Immunocompetent Anogenital Warts Patient.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2025Article
- From cervix to multisite: Detection of lower genital tract lesions in a 10-year cross-sectional colposcopy clinic study.PloS one · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Condyloma acuminata (CA) is a benign proliferative disease mainly affecting in non-keratinized epithelia. Most cases of CA are caused by low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), mainly HPV 6 and 11. The aim of the current study was to highlight the candidate genes and pathways associated with immune alterations in individuals who did not spontaneously eliminate the virus and, thus, develop genital warts. Paraffin-embedded condyloma samples (n = 56) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against CD1a, FOXP3, CD3, CD4, CD8, and IFN-γ. The immunomarkers were chosen based on the evaluation of the innate and adaptive immune pathways using qPCR analysis of 92 immune-related genes, applying a TaqMan Array Immune Response assay in HPV 6 or HPV 11 positive samples (n = 27). Gene expression analysis revealed 31 differentially expressed genes in CA lesions. Gene expression validation revealed upregulation of GZMB, IFNG, IL12B, and IL8 and downregulation of NFATC4 and IL7 in CA samples. Immunohistochemical analysis showed increased FOXP3, IFN-γ, CD1a, and CD4 expression in CA than in the control tissue samples. In contrast, CD3 and CD8 expression was decreased in CA lesion samples. Increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in HPV-positive patients compared with HPV-negative patients seem to reflect the elevated immunogenicity of HPV-positive CA lesions. Host defense against HPV begins during the early stages of the innate immune response and is followed by activation of T lymphocytes, which are mainly represented by CD4+ and regulatory T cells. The low CD8+ T cell count in CA may contribute to this recurrent behavior. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism of host defense against HPV infection in CA.
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