ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2023
4D Thermo-Responsive Smart hiPSC-CM Cardiac Construct for Myocardial Cell Therapy.
Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Toward 4D printed functional soft tissues.Acta biomaterialia · 2026Review
- Cell therapy strategies for organ regeneration.BMC medicine · 2026Review
- Smart patches for healthcare industry: a review of emerging technologies, challenges, and developmental opportunities.Biomedical engineering online · 2026Review
- Review
- 4D-printed microdevices for spatiotemporal detection of ctDNA and miRNA in pancreatic cancer: an in-depth review.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Transformative bioprinting: 4D printing and its role in the evolution of engineering and personalized medicine.Discover nano · 2025Review
- How Advanced are Conductive Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Repairing and Monitoring Myocardial Infarction?International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- 4D fabrication of shape-changing systems for tissue engineering: state of the art and perspectives.Progress in additive manufacturing · 2025Review
- Review
- Hydrogel-based cardiac patches for myocardial infarction therapy: Recent advances and challenges.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- 4D bioprinting of programmed dynamic tissues.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: 4D fabrication techniques have been utilized for advanced biomedical therapeutics due to their ability to create dynamic constructs that can transform into desired shapes on demand. The internal structure of the human cardiovascular system is complex, where the contracting heart has a highly curved surface that changes shape with the heart's dynamic beating motion. Hence, 4D architectures that adjust their shapes as required are a good candidate to readily deliver cardiac cells into the damaged heart and/or to serve as self-morphing tissue scaffolds/patches for healing cardiac diseases. In this proof-of-concept in vitro study, a two-in-one 4D smart cardiac construct that integrates the functions of minimally invasive cell vehicles and in situ tissue patches was developed for repairing damaged myocardial tissue. Methods: For this purpose, a series of thermo-responsive 4D structures with different shapes and sizes were fabricated via the combination of fused deposition modeling (FDM)-printing and stamping molding. The thermo-responsive 4D constructs were firstly optimized to exhibit their shape transformation behavior at the designated temperature for convenient control. After which, the mechanical properties, shape recovery rate, and shape recovery speed of the 4D constructs at different temperatures were thoroughly evaluated. Also, the proliferation and functional prototype of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) on the 4D constructs were quantified and evaluated using F-actin staining and immunostaining. Results: Our results showed that the 4D constructs possessed the desirable capability of shape-changing from spherical carriers to unfolded patches at human body temperature and exhibited excellent biocompatibility. Moreover, myocardial maturation in vitro with a uniform and printing pattern-specific cell distribution was observed on the surface of the unfolded 4D constructs. Conclusion: We successfully developed a 4D smart cardiac construct that integrates the functions of minimally invasive cell vehicles and in situ tissue patches for repairing damaged myocardial tissue.
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