ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2023
Association of multiple blood metals with thyroid function in general adults: A cross-sectional study.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mediation effects of thyroid hormones in the associations between essential metal elements and anxiety or depression symptoms in the elderly.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Article
- The Thyroid Under Pressure: Heavy Metals, Endocrine Disruptors and Translational Insights into Carcinogenesis and Thyroid Dysfunctions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Association of micronutrient status with thyroid function in adolescent Afghan refugees; a cross-sectional study.Thyroid research · 2025Article
- Effects of Trace Elements on Endocrine Function and Pathogenesis of Thyroid Diseases-A Literature Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Associations of combined exposure to selected metal mixtures with thyroid hormones in children: a cross-sectional study in China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Assessment of Individual and Mixed Effects of Six Minerals on Thyroid Hormones in Chinese Pregnant Women.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Comparative mathematical modeling of causal association between metal exposure and development of chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the expression of genes associated with iron metabolism in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Free radical biology & medicine · 2024Article
- Effect of micronutrients on the risk of Graves' disease: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Sex-specific associations between the developmental alterations in the pituitary-thyroid hormone axis and thyroid nodules in Chinese euthyroid adults: a community-based cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Diet in Thyroid Disorders: A Survey among Clinicians and a Review of the Current Perspective.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolismArticle
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Thyroid function has a large impact on humans' metabolism and is affected by iodine levels, but there is a scarcity of studies that elucidate the association between thyroid function and other elements. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study on 1,067 adults to evaluate the associations of the common essential metals with thyroid function in adults living in an iodine-adequate area of China. Serum free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and blood metals (zinc, iron, copper, magnesium, manganese, and calcium) were measured. Further, the thyroid hormone sensitivity indexes, FT3:FT4 ratio, and thyrotropin T4 resistance index (TT4RI) were calculated. Linear regression, quantile g-computation, and Bayesian kernel machine regression methods were used to explore the association of metals with thyroid function. Results: We found that the TSH levels correlated with copper (negative) and zinc (positive). Iron and copper were positively associated with FT3 and FT4 levels, respectively. Iron (positive) and copper (negative) were correlated with the FT3:FT4 ratio. Furthermore, we found that manganese was inversely correlated with TT4RI, while zinc was positively correlated. Discussion: Our findings suggest that manganese, iron, copper, and zinc levels were strongly correlated with thyroid function, and patients with thyroid disorders are recommended to measure those metals levels.
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