ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2023
The Progress of Hard Carbon as an Anode Material in Sodium-Ion Batteries.
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Structural Engineering and Functionalization of Carbon-Based Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries: From Biomass to Composites.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effects of Pyrolysis Control Parameters on the Structural Properties of Biomass-Derived Activated Carbon Materials and Their Energy Applications.Chemical record (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- Sustainable Carbon Materials from Sucrose as Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Hard carbon from a sugar derivative for next-generation sodium-ion batteries.Materials horizons · 2025Article
- Stable Structure and Fast Ion Diffusion: A Flexible MoOPolymers · 2024Article
- MoSMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Sodium Storage Properties of Carbonaceous Flowers.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
When compared to expensive lithium metal, the metal sodium resources on Earth are abundant and evenly distributed. Therefore, low-cost sodium-ion batteries are expected to replace lithium-ion batteries and become the most likely energy storage system for large-scale applications. Among the many anode materials for sodium-ion batteries, hard carbon has obvious advantages and great commercial potential. In this review, the adsorption behavior of sodium ions at the active sites on the surface of hard carbon, the process of entering the graphite lamellar, and their sequence in the discharge process are analyzed. The controversial storage mechanism of sodium ions is discussed, and four storage mechanisms for sodium ions are summarized. Not only is the storage mechanism of sodium ions (in hard carbon) analyzed in depth, but also the relationships between their morphology and structure regulation and between heteroatom doping and electrolyte optimization are further discussed, as well as the electrochemical performance of hard carbon anodes in sodium-ion batteries. It is expected that the sodium-ion batteries with hard carbon anodes will have excellent electrochemical performance, and lower costs will be required for large-scale energy storage systems.
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Registered trials
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