Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37048578›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2023

How Useful Is the SSN-Nipple Distance? An Analytical Questionnaire Survey on Anthropometric Measurements for the Aesthetically Ideal Positioning of the Nipple-Areolar Complex.

Rafael Loucas, Marios Loucas, Sebastian Leitsch, Julius Michael Mayer, Andrea Alberti, Omar Haroon, Marlon Petrus, Konstantin Christoph Koban, Thomas Holzbach

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 32% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Rafael LoucasDepartment of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Thurgau Hospital Group, 8500 Frauenfeld, Switzerland.
Marios LoucasDepartment of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Thurgau Hospital Group, 8500 Frauenfeld, Switzerland.
Sebastian LeitschDepartment of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Thurgau Hospital Group, 8500 Frauenfeld, Switzerland.
Julius Michael MayerDepartment of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-9379-7869
Andrea AlbertiDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland.
Omar HaroonDepartment of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Thurgau Hospital Group, 8500 Frauenfeld, Switzerland.
Marlon PetrusDepartment of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Thurgau Hospital Group, 8500 Frauenfeld, Switzerland.
Konstantin Christoph KobanDivision of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital LMU Munich, 80339 Munich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0387-0821
Thomas HolzbachDepartment of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Thurgau Hospital Group, 8500 Frauenfeld, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-2324-9813
Spital Thurgau (Switzerland) · CHLMU Klinikum · DEMedical University of Graz · ATOspedale regionale di Lugano · CHUniversity Hospital of Bern · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Several studies have attempted to identify the optimal anthropometric measurement for the aesthetically ideal positioning of the nipple-areolar complex. However, no standardised solutions and measurements for planning surgical procedures have been reached. The aim of this study is to identify the optimal anthropometric measurement between the suprasternal notch (SSN)-nipple distance and mid-clavicle (MC)-nipple distance for the aesthetic position of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) on the breast. A detailed online survey was sent to 300 board-certified plastic surgeons and residents of plastic surgery departments of hospitals in German, Austrian, and Swiss. A similar survey was also provided to 100 patients who had planned or had already undergone breast surgery. All participants were asked to rank the attractiveness of a series of women's breasts in images with different NAC position measurements. The images showed breasts from two different measurements and distances: all the breasts had equal dimensions and proportions and the same areola size. Complete datasets were obtained from 203 of the 300 board-certified plastic surgeons and residents of plastic surgery departments in German-speaking countries (recall 68%) and from 100 patients. The majority of doctors and patients find a symmetrical breast with a mirrored position of the nipple-areola complex more attractive than a non-symmetrical breast. In cases with minor measurement differences, such as 0.5 cm (SSN vs. MC), there is no relevant difference in the breast symmetry. However, at larger distances, the MC-to-nipple distance is superior for achieving aesthetically appealing symmetry compared with the SSN-to-nipple distance. Using the MC-to-nipple distance seems to be superior for correct nipple positioning than the SSN-to-nipple distance and is a valuable preoperative measurement option for breast symmetry with correct nipple height. Further studies on this topic involving a more general population should be conducted to confirm the improvements in perception with the preoperative measurements using the anatomical landmarks.

Indexed as

aesthetic breastbreastmid-clavicle-to-nipple distancenipplenipple–areolar complexsuprasternal-notch-to-nipple distancesurveysymmetry

Identifiers

PMID37048578
PMCPMC10095071
OpenAlexW4361008019

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.