ReviewAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2023
Literature Review on Technological Applications to Monitor and Evaluate Calves' Health and Welfare.
Review in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbiome Engineering in Dairy Cattle: A Critical Review of Strategies for Disease Resistance, Productivity, and Sustainable Farming.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Data-Driven Prediction of Ammonia and Methane Concentrations and Emissions in Dairy Barns Using Artificial Neural Networks.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Validation of a new textile sensor band for on-farm heart rate variability assessment in calves.The veterinary quarterly · 2025Article
- Effect of an Ad Libitum Milk Supply During the First Three Weeks of Life of Dairy Calves on Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability During Feeding and Rehousing.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Real-Time Auto-Monitoring of Livestock: Quantitative Framework and Challenges.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Detection of Physiological Changes Using a Triaxial Accelerometer and Temperature Sensor-Equipped Bolus-Type Biosensor in Calves.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Does Pelleted Starter Feed Restriction and Provision of Total Mixed Ration Ad Libitum during Weaning Influence the Behavior of Dairy Calves?Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Predicting Body Weight in Pre-Weaned Holstein-Friesian Calves Using Morphometric Measurements.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Assessment of Ammonia Concentrations and Climatic Conditions in Calf Housing Using Stationary and Mobile Sensors.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Digital Twins in Agriculture and Forestry: A Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Three-Way k-Means Model: Dynamic Optimal Sensor Placement for Efficient Environment Monitoring in Pig House.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- The Effects of Milk Replacer Supplemented withVeterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Evaluation of a Forefront Weight Scale from an Automated Calf Milk Feeder for Holstein and Crossbred Dairy and Dairy-Beef Calves.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Precision livestock farming (PLF) research is rapidly increasing and has improved farmers' quality of life, animal welfare, and production efficiency. PLF research in dairy calves is still relatively recent but has grown in the last few years. Automatic milk feeding systems (AMFS) and 3D accelerometers have been the most extensively used technologies in dairy calves. However, other technologies have been emerging in dairy calves' research, such as infrared thermography (IRT), 3D cameras, ruminal bolus, and sound analysis systems, which have not been properly validated and reviewed in the scientific literature. Thus, with this review, we aimed to analyse the state-of-the-art of technological applications in calves, focusing on dairy calves. Most of the research is focused on technology to detect and predict calves' health problems and monitor pain indicators. Feeding and lying behaviours have sometimes been associated with health and welfare levels. However, a consensus opinion is still unclear since other factors, such as milk allowance, can affect these behaviours differently. Research that employed a multi-technology approach showed better results than research focusing on only a single technique. Integrating and automating different technologies with machine learning algorithms can offer more scientific knowledge and potentially help the farmers improve calves' health, performance, and welfare, if commercial applications are available, which, from the authors' knowledge, are not at the moment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.