ReviewCells2023
Cancer Spheroids and Organoids as Novel Tools for Research and Therapy: State of the Art and Challenges to Guide Precision Medicine.
Review in Cells, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Unlocking the Potential of Spheroids in Personalized Medicine: A Systematic Review of Seeding Methodologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluating carboplatin and PARP inhibitor combination efficacy using high-grade serous carcinoma spheroids and organoids.Cancer biology & therapy · 2026Article
- A viscoelastic suspension culture strategy modulating fusion and development in blood vessel organoids.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Multimodal Biophysical Analysis of Morpho-Phenotypic and Morpho-Functional Dynamics in Normal and Cancer Spheroids within Engineered Microenvironments.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Article
- Nanoplatforms of Pegylated Gold Nanorods Loaded with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Delivery and Biological Evaluation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Current Perspectives on 2D and 3D Cell Culture Models in Cancer Research: Molecular Determinants of Tumor Biology and Therapeutic Response.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Uncovering the Potential of 3D Spheroids for Modeling the Cellular Crosstalk Within the Tumor Microenvironment in HNSCC.Biotechnology journal · 2026Review
- Advantages and research progress of three-dimensional culture systems for lung cancer drug screening (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Benchmarking Ultra-Low Attachment and Photopatterned GelMA 3D Culture Platforms for Modeling Cancer Stemness in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer.Biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Dynamic pillar-perfusion platform for screening enzyme-induced self-assembling peptide therapeutics in 3D breast cancer spheroids.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Article
- Advances in 3D culture systems for maintaining prostate tissue architecture and functional ex vivo prostate organ culture for biomedical applications.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Spheroids and organoids to study long noncoding RNAs in cancer: how they could replace animal models.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- Co-targeting cystathionine gamma-lyase and mTOR: a promising therapeutic strategy in clear cell ovarian cancer.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Adaptive PEG Bis-dendron Hydrogels with Tunable Mechanics and Bioactivity.Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization of Fluid-Derived Patient-Derived Cell and Organoid Models in Advanced Gastric Cancer.Journal of gastric cancer · 2026Article
- Molecular origin, discovery, validation and application of neoantigens.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- Ex vivo drug sensitivity testing predicts treatment outcomes in advanced ovarian cancer.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- Melanoma treatment in the era of nanotechnology and precision medicine.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- From Spheroids to Tumor-on-a-Chip for Cancer Modeling and Therapeutic Testing.Micromachines · 2025Review
- E-Cadherin Regulates HIF1-α In Vitro in Induced 3D Spheroid Models of Human Breast Cancer Through Both mTOR and Notch1 Signaling.Biomedicines · 2025Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Spheroids and organoids are important novel players in medical and life science research. They are gradually replacing two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. Indeed, three-dimensional (3D) cultures are closer to the in vivo reality and open promising perspectives for academic research, drug screening, and personalized medicine. A large variety of cells and tissues, including tumor cells, can be the starting material for the generation of 3D cultures, including primary tissues, stem cells, or cell lines. A panoply of methods has been developed to generate 3D structures, including spontaneous or forced cell aggregation, air-liquid interface conditions, low cell attachment supports, magnetic levitation, and scaffold-based technologies. The choice of the most appropriate method depends on (i) the origin of the tissue, (ii) the presence or absence of a disease, and (iii) the intended application. This review summarizes methods and approaches for the generation of cancer spheroids and organoids, including their advantages and limitations. We also highlight some of the challenges and unresolved issues in the field of cancer spheroids and organoids, and discuss possible therapeutic applications.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.