ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
The Use of Medical Ozone in Chronic Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Can Be an Etiological and Conservative Treatment.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic effects of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in animal models of intervertebral disc degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis of species differences and delivery strategies.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of ozone with steroid injection therapy in lumbar disc herniation: meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Computed tomography-guided oxygen-ozone injection for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation complicated with lumbar spinal stenosis.Medical gas research · 2026Article
- From Protrusion to Extrusion: Reassessing the Selective Role of Intradiscal Interventions.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2026Review
- Advanced 3D bioink featuring damping and antioxidant for micro-nano fabrication.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Pain Relief, Disability, and Hospital Costs After Intradiscal Ozone Treatment or Microdiscectomy for Lumbar Disc Herniation: A 24-Month Real-World Prospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Ozone controls the metabolism of tryptophan protecting against sepsis-induced intestinal damage by activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Ozone therapy in musculoskeletal medicine: a comprehensive review.European journal of medical research · 2024Review
- Article
- The Emerging Roles of Nanocarrier Drug Delivery System in Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration-Current Knowledge, Hot Spots, Challenges and Future Perspectives.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Review
- Efficacy of Medical Ozone as an Adjuvant Treatment in Dogs with Intervertebral Disc Protusions-A Retrospective Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Unraveling the PVNMolecular painArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Degeneration of the intervertebral disc is one of the most frequent causes of lumbar pain, and it puts an extreme strain on worldwide healthcare systems. Finding a solution for this disease is an important challenge as current surgical and conservative treatments fail to bring a short-term or long-term solution to the problem. Medical ozone has yielded excellent results in intervertebral disc pathology. When it comes to extruded disc herniation, ozone is the only etiological treatment because it stimulates the immune system to absorb the herniated portion of the nucleus pulposus, thus resolving discal extrusion. This work aims to examine the biomolecular mechanisms that lead to intervertebral disc degeneration while highlighting the significance of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Considering that ozone is a regulator of oxidative stress and, therefore, of inflammation, we assert that medical ozone could modulate this process and obtain inflammatory stage macrophages (M1) to switch to the repair phase (M2). Consequently, the ozone would be a therapeutic resource that would work on the etiology of the disease as an epigenetic regulator that would help repair the intervertebral space.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.