ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2023
The Effect of HIV Treatment Interruption on Subsequent Immunological Response.
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating predictive performance, validity, and applicability of machine learning models for predicting HIV treatment interruption: a systematic review.BMC global and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Incidence of lost to follow up among HIV-positive children on antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Data and Potentially Informative Visiting Process to Dynamically Predict Future Visit Times.Statistics in medicine · 2026Article
- Feasibility and Preliminary Effectiveness of a Data-to-Care Intervention for HIV-Positive People Who Inject Drugs in Ukraine: A Pilot Cluster-Randomized Trial.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Estimates and predictors of HIV viral non-suppression in South African adults on antiretroviral treatment.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- Burden and predictors of advanced HIV disease among people living with HIV at Zewditu Memorial Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Differences in Mortality Between Treatment-Naive and Treatment-Discontinuing Hospitalized Individuals With Advanced HIV Disease: A Comparative Retrospective Study From Mexico City.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- The role of analytical treatment interruptions in shaping HIV-specific immunity and HIV cure.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Characterizing treatment interruptions in the OPERA cohort and virologic outcomes after resumption with bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Age-specific all-cause mortality rates among adolescents and youth living with and without HIV: Evidence from a cohort study in South Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- By executive order: The likely deadly consequences associated with a 90-day pause in PEPFAR funding.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Prevalence of advanced HIV disease in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country analysis of nationally representative household surveys.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Article
- Patterns of engagement in care during clients' first 12 months after HIV treatment initiation in South Africa: A retrospective cohort analysis using routinely collected data.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Recovery of CD4-positive T lymphocyte count after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been thoroughly examined among people with human immunodeficiency virus infection. However, immunological response after restart of ART following care interruption is less well studied. We compared CD4 cell-count trends before disengagement from care and after ART reinitiation. Data were obtained from the East Africa International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) Collaboration (2001-2011; n = 62,534). CD4 cell-count trends before disengagement, during disengagement, and after ART reinitiation were simultaneously estimated through a linear mixed model with 2 subject-specific knots placed at the times of disengagement and treatment reinitiation. We also estimated CD4 trends conditional on the baseline CD4 value. A total of 10,961 patients returned to care after disengagement from care, with the median gap in care being 2.7 (interquartile range, 2.1-5.4) months. Our model showed that CD4 cell-count increases after ART reinitiation were much slower than those before disengagement. Assuming that disengagement from care occurred 12 months after ART initiation and a 3-month treatment gap, CD4 counts measured at 3 years since ART initiation would be lower by 36.5 cells/μL than those obtained under no disengagement. Given that poorer CD4 restoration is associated with increased mortality/morbidity, specific interventions targeted at better retention in care are urgently required.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.