SynthesisPublic health2023
Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on smoking and vaping: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evidence-based practices are effective in increasing smoke-free home rules among Black women who smoke.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2025Trial
- Blood Pressure and Salivary Cotinine Levels in Young Adults Using Heated Tobacco Products: A Case-Control Study in Poland.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association Between SARS-CoV-2-Related Experiences and Smoking Cessation in Switzerland: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Initiation of tobacco use during the pandemic: risk factors in the Brazilian context.Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Perceptions of User-Generated Content as a Source of Health Messages in Smoking Cessation Mobile Interventions: Focus Group Study.JMIR human factors · 2025Article
- Smoking status and the onset of suicidal ideation among adults in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic.Annals of general psychiatry · 2025Article
- Cigarette Smoking: A Modifiable Environmental Factor in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis.JMA journal · 2025Review
- County-Level COVID-19 Policy Comprehensiveness and Adult Behavioral Health during 2021 : County-Level COVID-19 Policy and Adult Behavioral Health.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025Article
- Oral Health and Dietary Habits Before and After COVID-19 Restrictions in a Portuguese Adult Population: An Observational Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Contextualizing Changes in e-Cigarette Use During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic and Accompanying Infodemic ("So Much Contradictory Evidence"): Qualitative Document Analysis of Reddit Forums.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Effects of life rules on mental health and behavioral problems among adolescent and youth students: A survey after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in China.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Google Trends Assessment of Keywords Related to Smoking and Smoking Cessation During the COVID-19 Pandemic in 4 European Countries: Retrospective Analysis.Online journal of public health informatics · 2024Article
- A 2024 nationwide cross-sectional survey to assess the prevalence of cigarette smoking, e-cigarette use and heated tobacco use in Poland.International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health · 2024Article
- Risk factors for smoking in adolescence: evidence from a cross-sectional survey in Switzerland.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The association between health behaviours and academic performance moderated by trait mindfulness amongst university students: an observational study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Observational
- Cigarette Smoking, Mental Health, Depression, Maryland Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey, 2020.Tobacco use insights · 2024Article
- Influence of the home smoking environment and stress on smoking behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic among patients of federally qualified health centers in rural Georgia.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2024Article
- E-cigarette use-associated lung injury (EVALI).Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany) · 2024Article
- Substance Use Patterns and Their Association with Depression and Social Factors During COVID-19 Among Harlem Residents in New York City.Journal of community health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesCOVID-19 and the implementation of lockdowns have impacted daily lives worldwide. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of lockdowns on the smoking and vaping behaviours of adults during the pandemic. STUDY
designThis was a systematic review and meta-analysis.
methodsA systematic literature search was conducted up to 28 April 2022 in the following databases: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science.
resultsIn total, 77 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. In 34 studies, an increase in smoking behaviour was reported for the majority of participants; however, in 21 and 18 studies, 'no change' and 'decrease' in smoking were the predominant responses, respectively. The results from the meta-analysis, which examined the change in the number of cigarettes smoked per day, showed no difference between the pre- and post-lockdown periods: 0.81 weighted mean difference (95% confidence interval, -0.59 to 2.21). Regarding vaping, three of seven studies reported an increase in smoking for the majority of participants, whereas 'no change' and 'decrease' were the predominant answers in the other four studies.
conclusionsThe results show that lockdowns led most participants to increase smoking/vaping, whereas a decrease or cessation of smoking/vaping was only reported in the minority of participants. Attention should be given to the non-communicable diseases that could arise as a result of the increase in smoking/vaping during lockdowns, and further research in this area is needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.