ArticleDrug safety2023
Validation of an ICD-9-Based Algorithm to Identify Stillbirth Episodes from Medicaid Claims Data.
Article in Drug safety, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of an algorithm to predict stillbirth gestational age in Medicaid billing records.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionIn administrative data, accurate timing of exposure relative to gestation is critical for determining the effect of potential teratogen exposure on pregnancy outcomes.
objectiveTo develop an algorithm for identifying stillbirth episodes in the ICD-9-CM era using national Medicaid claims data (1999-2014).
methodsUnique stillbirth episodes were identified from clusters of medical claims using a hierarchy that identified the encounter with the highest potential of including the actual stillbirth delivery and that delineated subsequent pregnancy episodes. Each episode was validated using clinical detail on retrieved medical records as the gold standard.
resultsAmong 220 retrieved records, 197 were usable for validation of 1417 stillbirth episodes identified by the algorithm. The positive predictive value (PPV) was 64.0% (57.3-70.7%) overall, 80.4% (73.8-87.1%) for inpatient episodes, 28.2% (14.1-42.3%) for outpatient-only episodes, and 20.0% (2.5-37.5%) for outpatient episodes with overlapping hospitalizations. The absolute difference between the dates of the algorithm-specified stillbirth delivery and the medical record-based event was 4.2 ± 24.3 days overall, 1.7 ± 7.7 days for inpatient episodes, 14.3 ± 51.4 days for outpatient-only episodes, and 1.0 ± 2.0 days for outpatient episodes that overlapped with a hospitalization. Excluding all outpatient episodes, as well as pregnancies involving multiple births, the PPV increased to 82.7% (76.8-89.8%).
conclusionsOur algorithm to identify stillbirths from administrative claims data had a moderately high PPV. Positive predictive value was substantially increased by restricting the setting to inpatient episodes and using only input diagnostic codes for singleton stillbirths.
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