ArticleEmergency radiology2023
Upper cervical spine fracture patterns and blunt cerebrovascular injuries.
Article in Emergency radiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cervical spine fracture patterns associated with blunt cerebrovascular injuries: A literature review and meta-analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with concomitant cervical spine trauma and vertebral artery injury: A literature review and retrospective analysis.Journal of craniovertebral junction & spineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo determine patterns of C1 and C2 vertebral fractures that are associated with blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI).
methodsRetrospective chart review of clinical and imaging reports at a level 1 trauma center over 10 consecutive years was conducted in patients with C1 and C2 fractures. Student t-test and chi-squared analyses were used to determine associations between fracture levels and fracture types with the presence of BCVI on CTA and/or MRI or stroke on CT and/or MRI.
resultsMultilevel fractures were associated with higher incidence of BCVI compared to isolated C1 or C2 fractures (p < 0.01), but not with stroke (p = 0.16). There was no difference in incidence of BCVI or stroke between isolated C1 and isolated C2 fractures (p = 0.46, p = 0.25). Involvement of the transverse foramen (TF) alone was not associated with BCVI or stroke (p = 0.10-0.40, p = 0.34-0.43). However, TF fractures that were comminuted or contained fracture fragment(s) were associated with increased BCVI (p < 0.01, p = 0.02), though not with stroke (p = 0.11, p = 0.09). In addition, high-energy mechanism of injury was also associated with BCVI (p < 0.01) and stroke (p < 0.01).
conclusionC1 and C2 fractures are associated with BCVI in the presence of high-energy mechanism of injury, concomitant fractures of other cervical vertebral body levels, comminuted TF fractures, or TF fractures with internal fragments. Attention to these fracture parameters is important in evaluating C1 and C2 fractures for BCVI.
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