ArticleEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2023
Role of Air Pollution in the Development of Asthma Among Children with a History of Bronchiolitis in Infancy.
Article in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early-Life Ozone Exposure and Childhood Allergic Rhinitis: Critical Exposure Windows, Exposure-Response Relationships, and Protective Modifiers.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Association of Corticosteroid Inhaler Type with Saliva Microbiome in Moderate-to-Severe Pediatric Asthma.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Long-term ozone exposure and lung function in middle childhood.Environmental research · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInfants experiencing bronchiolitis are at increased risk for asthma, but few studies have identified modifiable risk factors. We assessed whether early life air pollution influenced child asthma and wheeze at age 4-6 years among children with a history of bronchiolitis in the first postnatal year.
methodsChildren with caregiver-reported physician-diagnosed bronchiolitis were drawn from ECHO-PATHWAYS, a pooled longitudinal cohort from six US cities. We estimated their air pollution exposure from age 1 to 3 years from validated spatiotemporal models of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and ozone (O 3 ). Caregivers reported children's current wheeze and asthma at age 4-6 years. We used modified Poisson regression to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for child, maternal, and home environmental factors. We assessed effect modification by child sex and maternal history of asthma with interaction models.
resultsA total of 224 children had caregiver-reported bronchiolitis. Median (interquartile range) 2-year pollutant concentrations were 9.3 (7.8-9.9) µg/m 3 PM 2.5 , 8.5 (6.4-9.9) ppb NO 2 , and 26.6 (25.6-27.7) ppb O 3 . RRs (CI) for current wheeze per 2-ppb higher O 3 were 1.3 (1.0-1.7) and 1.4 (1.1-1.8) for asthma. NO 2 was inversely associated with wheeze and asthma whereas associations with PM 2.5 were null. We observed interactions between NO 2 and PM 2.5 and maternal history of asthma, with lower risks observed among children with a maternal history of asthma.
conclusionOur results are consistent with the hypothesis that exposure to modest postnatal O 3 concentrations increases the risk of asthma and wheeze among the vulnerable subpopulation of infants experiencing bronchiolitis.
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