ArticleJournal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology2023
Heat stress and heat strain among outdoor workers in El Salvador and Nicaragua.
Article in Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Occupational health in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC): A systematic review and call for comprehensive policy development.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Mechanisms and Intervention Strategies for Heat Stroke-Associated Myocardial Dysfunction: A Narrative Review.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2026Review
- An innovative method of evaluating the association of heat exposure and heart rate variability in a panel of agricultural workers with small and lightweight personal sensors.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Heat Exposure and Health Outcomes in Construction Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Environmental health insights · 2026Article
- Evaluating the effects of heat strain and air pollution on kidney health.Environment international · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Estimated GFR Trajectories Among Workers at High Risk for CKD of Unknown Etiology.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- Heat exposure, heat strain, and off-work recovery of Guatemalan sugarcane workers.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2025Article
- Health Interventions for the Prevention of Dehydration in Agricultural Workers Exposed to Heat Stress: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Longitudinal leucocyte DNA methylation changes in Mesoamerican nephropathy.Environmental epigenetics · 2025Article
- Concurrent Particulate Matter and Heat Exposure in Working and Non-working Women in Rural Guatemala.Atmosphere · 2024Article
- Derangement in Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Metabolism is Observed During Acute Kidney Injury Among Male Agricultural Workers at Risk for Mesoamerican Nephropathy.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of heat stress interventions among outdoor workers: a protocol paper.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is growing attention on occupational heat stress in Central America, as workers in this region are affected by a unique form of chronic kidney disease. Previous studies have examined wet bulb globe temperatures and estimated metabolic rates to assess heat stress, but there are limited data characterizing heat strain among these workers.
objectiveThe aims were to characterize heat stress and heat strain and examine whether job task, break duration, hydration practices, and kidney function were associated with heat strain.
methodsWe used data from the MesoAmerican Nephropathy Occupational Study, a cohort of 569 outdoor workers in El Salvador and Nicaragua who underwent workplace exposure monitoring, including continuous measurement of core body temperature (T
resultsMedian WBGTs were relatively high (>27 °C) at most sites, particularly when work shifts spanned the afternoon hours (e.g., 29.2 °C among plantain workers). Sugarcane workers, especially cane cutters in both countries and Nicaraguan agrichemical applicators, had the highest estimated metabolic rates (medians: 299-318 kcal/hr). Most workers spent little time on break (<10% of the shift), as determined by physical activity data. Overall, sugarcane workers-particularly those in Nicaragua-experienced the highest T SIGNIFICANCE: This is the largest study to-date examining heat stress and strain among outdoor workers in Central America. Workers at sugar companies regularly experienced T IMPACT STATEMENT: This study examined levels of occupational heat stress and heat strain experienced among outdoor workers in five industries in El Salvador and Nicaragua. We characterized heat stress using wet bulb globe temperatures and estimated metabolic rate and heat strain using core body temperature and heart rate. Sugarcane workers, particularly cane cutters and Nicaraguan agrichemical applicators, performed more strenuous work and experienced greater levels of heat strain. Impaired kidney function was associated with higher heart rates and core body temperatures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.