ArticleEye (London, England)2023
Sex-specific risk factors associated with graves' orbitopathy in Korean patients with newly diagnosed graves' disease.
Article in Eye (London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Korean Clinical Practice Framework for Thyroid Eye Disease: Integrating International Recommendations with Survey-Informed Consensus.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Review
- Unravelling the pathogenic mechanisms in Graves' orbitopathy.European thyroid journal · 2025Review
- Systemic analyses show that the biosynthesis and spatial distribution of fatty acids, triglycerides and lipids differed in male and female mice and humans.Open biology · 2025Article
- Review
- Statins and Thyroid Eye Disease: A Propensity Score-Matched Retrospective Cohort Analysis.Cureus · 2025Article
- An Appraisal of the Preventive Effect of Statins on the Development of Graves' Ophthalmopathy: A Hospital-Based Cohort Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo assess sex-specific risk factors for Graves' orbitopathy (GO) in newly diagnosed Graves' disease (GD) patients.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Service's sample database, which consisted of 1,137,861 subjects from 2002 to 2019. The international classification of disease-10 codes was used to identify those who developed GD (E05) and GO (H062). A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the effect of risk factors on GO development.
resultsAmong 2145 male and 5047 female GD patients, GO occurred in 134 men (6.2%) and 293 women (5.8%). A multivariable Cox regression model revealed that GO development was significantly associated with younger age (HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.73-0.98), low income (HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.35-0.86), and heavy drinking (HR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.10-2.90) in men, and with younger age (HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81-0.98), lower body mass index (HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.33-0.90), high total cholesterol (HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01-1.06), hyperlipidaemia (HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.02-1.85), and lower statin dose (HR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.22-0.62) in women. There was no association between smoking and GO development in both men and women.
conclusionsThe risk factors for GO development were sex-dependent. These results show the need for more sophisticated attention and support considering sex characteristics in GO surveillance.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.