ArticleScientific reports2023
Income raises human well-being indefinitely, but age consistently slashes it.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Social comparison and segregation reveal well-being traps.Humanities & social sciences communications · 2026Article
- A Bayesian approach for exploring the effects of household income on self-reported mental health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic.PLOS mental health · 2026Article
- Impact of a government-led employment program on the onset of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in older adults: A nationwide longitudinal study.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Equation Built by Multiple Adaptive Regression Spline to Estimate Biological Age in Healthy Postmenopausal Women in Taiwan.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Detecting Non-linear Dependence through Genome Wide Analysis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Association Between Income and Well-Being Among Working Women in Japan.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A healthful plant-based diet is associated with higher health-related quality of life among older adults independent of circulating CRP: a cross-sectional analysis from the Lifelines Cohort Study.Journal of nutritional science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The relationships among human well-being, income, and age have long been debated. The association between human well-being and income is believed to be U-shaped, although the reasons remain elusive. A recent study shows a turning point in the link between human well-being and income; that is, increased income does not always improve well-being. However, the mechanisms of the effects of income and age on human well-being are unknown. Here, we illustrate the total cumulative effects of income and age on evaluated well-being through all observed causal pathways based on a 1.6-million-observation global dataset and the structural causal model. This is the first study to investigate those casual relationships globally. We find that an increase in age always reduces evaluated well-being, and the adverse effects are aggravated with age. Furthermore, increased income continuously improves human well-being, but the impacts gradually become marginal with higher income. Our results demonstrate that physical health improvement in older people is the most effective way to intervene against the harmful effects of age on well-being. Moreover, increased income may dramatically enhance the well-being of people living close to the poverty line.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.