ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2023
Adoption of Robotic Adrenalectomy: A Two-Institution Study of Surgeon Learning Curve.
Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Learning curve of blood pressure management during phaeochromocytoma surgery without preoperative alpha-blockade dose escalation.Endocrine connections · 2026Article
- Review
- Transition to robotic adrenalectomy: a surgeon-specific learning curve evaluation.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Article
- Article
- Robotic adrenalectomy achieves shorter operative time than laparoscopic approach: a propensity score-matched analysis.Journal of robotic surgery · 2025Article
- Single-Port Robotic Posterior Retroperitoneoscopic Adrenalectomy: Current Perspectives, Technical Considerations, and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Laparoscopic vs. Robotic transabdominal adrenalectomy- propensity matched analysis and learning curve.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2025Article
- [Robotic adrenalectomy-current evidence].Chirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRobotic adrenalectomy is feasible and safe, yet concerns over increased operative times and the learning curve (LC) for proficiency have limited its adoption. This study aimed to assess the LC for robotic adrenalectomy.
methodsThis is a two-institution retrospective review of consecutive unilateral minimally invasive adrenalectomies performed by four high-volume adrenal surgeons between 2007 and 2022. Two surgeons transitioned from laparoscopic to robotic adrenalectomy, and two surgeons adopted the approach, with proctoring, after completion of fellowship training without robotic experience. Operative time and complications were analyzed. Multivariable regression was used to identify factors associated with operative time. The number of cases required to overcome the LC was determined using the LC-cumulative-sum (LC-CUSUM) analysis.
resultsOf 457 adrenalectomies, 182 (40%) were laparoscopic and 275 (60%) robotic. The robotic approach was associated with shorter median operative time (106 vs 119 min; p = 0.002), fewer complications (6% vs 13%; p = 0.018), and fewer conversions to open adrenalectomy (1% vs 4%; p = 0.030), with no difference between the senior and junior surgeons. On adjusted analysis, factors associated with increased operative time were male sex (p < 0.001), BMI > 30 kg/m DISCUSSION: With dedicated teams and proctoring, robotic adrenalectomy can be safely adopted at high-volume centers with a minimal LC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.