ArticleBMC geriatrics2023
Risk factors of pneumonia in persons with and without Alzheimer's disease: a matched cohort study.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pneumonia Risk in Institutionalized Older Adults With Severe Functional Dependency: An Exploratory Analysis Using Standardized Long-Term Care Assessment Data.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2026Observational
- Glycyrrhizic Acid Attenuates AβCells · 2026Article
- Demographic and geographic hotspots of Alzheimer's disease and pneumonia-related mortality among older adults in the United States: a retrospective analysis.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- The changing epidemiology of infection-associated mortality in Alzheimer's disease in the United States, 1999-2024.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Six-membered N-heterocyclic alkaloids as ChE inhibitors in alzheimer's disease treatment.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Emergency Medical Service Responses for Older Adults: A Retrospective Observational Study Comparing Nursing Homes and the Community.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Analysis of risk-factors associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia in patients with alzheimer's disease based on gender differences.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Targeting Amyloid Pathology in Early Alzheimer's: The Promise of Donanemab-Azbt.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Frailty, malnutrition, healthcare utilization, and mortality in patients with dementia and cognitive impairment obtained from hospital administrative data.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Dementia, Systemic Biomarkers, and Risk of 30-Day Readmission After Pneumonia: A Multi-Center Cohort Study.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- Risk of Developing Alzheimer Disease in Relation to Common Infections.Neuro-degenerative diseases · 2025Article
- MRI detects blood-brain barrier alterations in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease and lung infection.Npj imaging · 2025Article
- Contribution of CNS and extra-CNS infections to neurodegeneration: a narrative review.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPneumonia is a very common infection in the cognitively impaired adult population, often leading to long-term deterioration, in physical and cognitive performance. Evidence is lacking on whether chronic comorbidities and drug use are risk factors for pneumonia in persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors of pneumonia in community dwellers with and without AD.
methodsWe performed a retrospective register-based study utilizing the Medication Use and Alzheimer's disease (MEDALZ) cohort, which is based on Finnish nationwide healthcare registers and includes all community dwellers who received a verified clinical diagnosis of AD between 2005 to 2011. This study comprised 69,350 persons with AD and 69,350 persons without AD matched by age, gender, and region of residence. Association between comorbidities, drug use, and hospitalization due to pneumonia were assessed using Cox Regression.
resultsDuring the follow-up, 25.0% (n = 17,105) of the AD cohort and 15.8% (n = 10,966) of the non-AD cohort were hospitalized due to pneumonia. Persons with AD had a higher risk of pneumonia also after adjusting for comorbidities (HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.71-1.80). Previous pneumonia was the strongest risk factor for pneumonia in both cohorts. All comorbidities and drug use excluding biological product use were associated with a higher risk of pneumonia, but stronger associations were observed in the non-AD cohort. The risk of hospitalization following psychotropic drug use was proportional to the number of psychotropics utilized.
conclusionsPneumonia is a serious, potentially life-threatening illness, and risk factors for pneumonia include several potentially avoidable drugs. In addition, good care of existing comorbidities might prevent pneumonia and related hospitalization.
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