ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2023
Large-scale invasion of unicellular eukaryotic genomes by integrating DNA viruses.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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47 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Infection cycles of viruses of the phylum Nucleocytoviricota.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Evidence for the acquisition of a proteorhodopsin-like rhodopsin by a chrysophyte-infecting giant virus.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Genomic catalogue of giant viruses reveals expanded diversity and functional potential.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Rise of the viral giants: common themes underlying genome gigantism in eukaryotic viruses and bacteriophages.Current opinion in microbiology · 2026Review
- Horizontal gene transfer and diploidy illuminate evolution and stress adaptation in oleaginous Scenedesmaceae (Chlorophyta).Nature communications · 2026Article
- Unveiling the cryptic diversity and distribution of elements related to virophage mavirus through deep mining of pPolB proteins.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Diving into the hidden viral world of marine protists.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- A Polinton-like Virus ofViruses · 2026Article
- Complex viral interactions revealed for the harmful bloom-forming dinoflagellateISME communications · 2026Article
- Changes to virus taxonomy, the international code of virus classification and nomenclature, and the ICTV statutes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2025).Archives of virology · 2025Article
- HI-FEVER: a Nextflow pipeline for the high-throughput discovery and annotation of endogenous viral elements.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Endogenized polinton-like viruses in the dinoflagellateThe Journal of general virology · 2025Article
- Genome-resolved biogeography of Phaeocystales, cosmopolitan bloom-forming algae.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Epigenetic silencing and genome dynamics determine the fate of giant virus endogenizations in Acanthamoeba.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Lineage-specific expansions of polinton-like viruses in photosynthetic cryptophytes.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Animal DNA Viruses and Retroviruses Subcommittee, 2025.The Journal of general virology · 2025Article
- Double-stranded DNA viruses may serve as vectors for horizontal transfer of intron-generating transposons.Mobile DNA · 2025Article
- Ultrastructural and transcriptional changes during a giant virus infection of a green alga.Npj viruses · 2025Article
- Cryptic infection of a giant virus in a unicellular green alga.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- detectEVE: Fast, Sensitive and Precise Detection of Endogenous Viral Elements in Genomic Data.Molecular ecology resources · 2025Article
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6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Eukaryotic genomes contain a variety of endogenous viral elements (EVEs), which are mostly derived from RNA and ssDNA viruses that are no longer functional and are considered to be "genomic fossils." Genomic surveys of EVEs, however, are strongly biased toward animals and plants, whereas protists, which represent the majority of eukaryotic diversity, remain poorly represented. Here, we show that protist genomes harbor tens to thousands of diverse, ~14 to 40 kbp long dsDNA viruses. These EVEs, composed of virophages, Polinton-like viruses, and related entities, have remained hitherto hidden owing to poor sequence conservation between virus groups and their repetitive nature that precluded accurate short-read assembly. We show that long-read sequencing technology is ideal for resolving virus insertions. Many protist EVEs appear intact, and most encode integrases, which suggests that they have actively colonized hosts across the tree of eukaryotes. We also found evidence for gene expression in host transcriptomes and that closely related virophage and Polinton-like virus genomes are abundant in viral metagenomes, indicating that many EVEs are probably functional viruses.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.