ArticleJournal of paediatrics and child health2023
Reality of clonidine poisoning in children and adolescents.
Article in Journal of paediatrics and child health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Xylazine exacerbates fentanyl-induced respiratory depression and prevents rescue by naloxone in mice.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Concern for Patient Harm Due to Potentially Supratherapeutic Clonidine Dosing Resulting From Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
aimWe aimed to describe the severity of clonidine poisonings in a paediatric population referred to a tertiary toxicology service.
methodsWe undertook a retrospective review of all presentations of clonidine poisoning in children or adolescents reported to a tertiary toxicology service from March 2014 to February 2020. Cases were divided into young children (0-6 years), older children (7-11 years) and adolescents (12-17 years). We report clinical effects: bradycardia, hypotension and abnormal Glasgow coma score (GCS), based on standard paediatric observation charts, interventions, length of emergency department stay, proportion admitted to a medical ward or paediatric intensive care unit.
resultsWe identified 111 clonidine poisonings, 41 young children, 9 older children and 61 adolescents. There were more females in the adolescent group and slightly more males in the younger age groups. The median dose ingested was 13 mcg/kg (interquartile range: 7-38 mcg/kg), which varied across ages. Clonidine alone was ingested in 78 cases (70%) and co-ingestion was more common in adolescents (24/61; 39%). Thirty-seven patients (33%) were admitted and 23 (21%) were admitted to paediatric intensive care unit. Median length of emergency department stay was 16.4 h, longer for adolescents. At least one abnormal observation occurred in 101 of 111 (91%) cases: 76 of 106 (72%) bradycardia, 76 of 110 (69%) hypotension and 4 of 99 (4%) GCS < 9. Thirteen (12%) had severe bradycardia, more common in young children and 23 (21%) had severe hypotension, more common in adolescents. For 27 children (0-11 years) ingesting 5-10 mcg/kg, 3 (11%) had severe bradycardia or severe hypotension and 1 received naloxone (4%). No cases ingesting <5 mcg/kg developed moderate/severe bradycardia or hypotension. Four cases received naloxone with no significant change, two patients got atropine with a transient response. One patient was intubated to facilitate safe inter-hospital transfer.
conclusionPaediatric clonidine poisoning commonly results in bradycardia, hypotension and decreased GCS, but rarely severe or requiring major interventions. Children ingesting <5 mcg/kg do not require admission.
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