ArticleFrontiers in psychology2023
The embodiment of emotion-label words and emotion-laden words: Evidence from late Chinese-English bilinguals.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Affect labeling down-regulates amygdala only in a dominant native language.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Differential Effects of Emotion-Label Words and Emotion-Laden Words Priming on Estimation Performance: A Disassociation from Math Anxiety.Journal of psycholinguistic research · 2026Article
- Predictive processing in L2 learners: contributions of cognitive and affective factors.Psychological research · 2026Article
- The Effects of Trait Anxiety and Emotional Word Type on the Processing of Chinese Words: An ERP Study.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- The Embodied Simulation of L2 Grammatical Aspect: Proficiency-Dependent Evidence from the Action-Sentence Compatibility Effect.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Love, laugh, life-the effect of empathy on the processing of emotion-label, emotion-laden and neutral abstract words.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Emotion, proficiency, and arousal: exploring speech and physiological responses in Chinese ESL learners.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Affective Norms for German as a Second Language (ANGL2).Behavior research methods · 2024Article
- Development and Validation of the Emotion Laden Sentences Toolbox for Emotion Recognition (ELSTER).Indian journal of psychological medicine · 2024Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Although increasing studies have confirmed the distinction between emotion-label words (words directly label emotional states) and emotion-laden words (words evoke emotions through connotations), the existing evidence is inconclusive, and their embodiment is unknown. In the current study, the emotional categorization task was adopted to investigate whether these two types of emotion words are embodied by directly comparing how they are processed in individuals' native language (L1) and the second language (L2) among late Chinese-English bilinguals. The results revealed that apart from L2 negative emotion-laden words, both types of emotion words in L1 and L2 produced significant emotion effects, with faster response times and/or higher accuracy rates. In addition, processing facilitation for emotion-label words over emotion-laden words was observed irrespective of language operation; a significant three-way interaction between the language, valence and emotion word type was noted. Taken together, this study suggested that the embodiment of emotion words is modulated by the emotion word type, and L2 negative emotion-laden words tend to be affectively disembodied. The disassociation between emotion-label and emotion-laden words is confirmed in both L1 and L2 and therefore, future emotion word research should take the emotion word type into account.
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