ReviewTremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.)2023
Vitamin D and Restless Legs Syndrome: A Review of Current Literature.
Review in Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Restless legs syndrome as a comorbidity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Role of vitamins in the pathogenesis and treatment of restless leg syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Dietary Supplementation in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Restless legs syndrome in children with celiac disease: associations with vitamin D and iron deficiency and the role of gluten-free diet adherence.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Restless legs syndrome and sleep quality in children with migraine and tension-type headache.PeerJ · 2026Article
- Prerequisites for self-care actions in individuals with restless legs syndrome-A deductive qualitative analysis based on the COM-B model.Journal of health psychology · 2025Article
- Brain-Bone Axis in Physiological and Pathological Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Loneliness, insomnia symptoms, social jetlag, and vitamin D deficiency in relation to mental health problems in Japanese female university students: a cross-sectional study.Journal of physiological anthropology · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Bone-Brain Axis: A New Frontier in Parkinson's Disease Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Restless leg syndrome as a complication of primary hyperparathyroidism: insights from a retrospective study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Unveiling the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome through transcriptome analysis.iScience · 2024Article
- Correlates of Restless Legs Syndrome in Older People.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Gender medicine and sleep disorders: from basic science to clinical research.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Vitamin D Status Modestly Regulates NOD-Like Receptor Family with a Pyrin Domain 3 Inflammasome and Interleukin Profiles among Arab Adults.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Exploring the causes of augmentation in restless legs syndrome.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Restless legs syndrome and growing pains in childhood: understanding the link.Frontiers in neurologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This review presents a detailed summary of the current literature regarding RLS and vitamin D deficiency. To our knowledge it is the first review of its kind. We review the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in RLS as well as the evidence for the use of vitamin D supplementation in RLS management. We further examine the literature for proteomic and genetic evidence of a role for vitamin D in the pathogenesis of RLS. An alteration in vitamin D binding protein in RLS is one of the most consistent findings in the proteomic studies. Furthermore, we examine the interaction of vitamin D with calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone and the possible role of these connections in RLS. We also explore the possible nexus between RLS and vitamin D in renal disease, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease as well as inflammation. In addition, we review the potential interaction between vitamin D and RLS with iron, dopamine and other neurotransmitter systems including the endogenous opiate, serotoninergic, glutamatergic and adenosinergic systems. We also explore the role of vitamin D in RLS Augmentation (i.e., the paradoxical worsening of RLS symptoms when dopaminergic agents are used as a therapy for RLS). Although the literature is not entirely consistent in affirming vitamin D deficiency in RLS or the amelioration of RLS symptoms with vitamin D therapy, the collective studies overall indicate that vitamin D deficiency is common enough in RLS patients to suggest that RLS patients should have their vitamin D levels checked and any deficiency corrected as a standard of care.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.