Neurogenic marker expression in differentiating human adipose derived adult mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are increasingly utilised in the field of neural regeneration due to their high accessibility and capacity for differentiation into neural like cells. Culturing ADSCs in the presence of various growth factors, small molecules and combinations thereof have shown promise in this regard; however, these protocols are generally complex, time-consuming and costly. The need for commercially available and chemically defined growth media/supplements is required to facilitate further developments in this area. Methods: In this study, we have examined the neural differentiation and proliferation potential of the commercially available supplements B27, CultureOne (C1) and N2 on human ADSCs (hADSCs). Through a combination of immunocytochemistry, cytokine analysis, and CNPase enzymatic assays, we provide novel insight into the neural differentiation effects of B27, C1 and N2 on hADSCs. Results: The study found that C1 and N2 supplements initiated neural differentiation of the cells, with C1 pushing differentiation towards an oligodendrocytic lineage and N2 initiating neuronal differentiation. This suggests that C1 and N2 supplements can be used to drive neural differentiation in hADSCs. However, B27 did not show significant differentiation in the time frame in which the experiments took place and therefore is unsuitable for this purpose. Conclusions: These findings highlight the utility of commercially available supplements in the neural differentiation of ADSCs and may assist in establishing simpler, more affordable differentiation protocols.