GuidelineGerman medical science : GMS e-journal2023
S2k guideline for diving accidents.
Guideline in German medical science : GMS e-journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Circulating Bubbles in Decompression Sickness: Pathophysiology and Experimental Models.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Clinical and Laboratory Parameters After Drowning and Diving Accidents and Their Association with Survival.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Article
- Predicting Post-Dive Inert Gas Bubble Grades in Non-Decompression Scuba Diving with Air: Simplified Model for Enhanced Diver Safety.Sports medicine - open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
For the purposes of this guideline, a diving accident is defined as an event that is either potentially life-threatening or hazardous to health as a result of a reduction in ambient pressure while diving or in other hyperbaric atmospheres with and without diving equipment. This national consensus-based guideline (development grade S2k) presents the current state of knowledge and recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of diving accident victims. The treatment of a breath-hold diver as well as children and adolescents does not differ in principle. In this regard only unusual tiredness and itching without visible skin changes are mild symptoms. The key action statements: on-site 100% oxygen first aid treatment, immobilization/no unnecessary movement, fluid administration and telephone consultation with a diving medicine specialist are recommended. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) remains unchanged as the established treatment in severe cases, as there are no therapeutic alternatives. The basic treatment scheme recommended for diving accidents is hyperbaric oxygenation at 280 kPa.
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Registered trials
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