ArticleEnvironmental health and preventive medicine2023
An ecological association of number of civil servants and physicians with prefectural-level rapid COVID-19 vaccination of older people in Japan.
Article in Environmental health and preventive medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decentralized pandemic response and health equity: an analysis of socioeconomic disparities in COVID-19 mortality in Japan.Epidemiology and health · 2025Article
- Updated beliefs and shaken confidence: evidence from vaccine hesitancy caused by experiencing "COVID arm".BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCivil servants and physicians play an important role in combating COVID-19. However, it is unclear whether the number of civil servants and physicians is associated with rapid COVID-19 vaccine uptake among older people (i.e., smoother rollout of priority vaccination for older people).
methodsUsing Poisson regression models of the generalized estimating equations, we examined the ecological association of the number of civil servants and physicians with prefectural-level rapid COVID-19 vaccination in older people. Prefectural-level data were based on publicly available government surveys. The outcome variable was the proportion of fully vaccinated people aged 65 and older on the day with the largest standard deviation across 47 prefectures (i.e., July 6, 2021). The explanatory variable was the number of civil servants and physicians per population by prefecture.
resultsAfter adjusting for population density, influenza vaccination coverage, socioeconomic factors, natural environmental factors, health indicators, and the number of civil servants and physicians, in all 3 models, prefectures with the highest number of civil servants and physicians had faster COVID-19 vaccine uptake than prefectures with the lowest number. A significant trend between higher staffing levels and more rapid vaccination was observed for the number of physicians in all 3 models, but for the number of civil servants only in one model.
conclusionWe found that COVID-19 vaccine uptake among older people was more rapid in prefectures with more civil servants and physicians per population, with the number of physicians having a stronger association. This study may point the way to future areas of research on vaccine policies that include other age groups and infectious diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.