ArticleClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2023
Executive functioning of patients with congenital heart disease: 45 years after surgery.
Article in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- School Performance and Learning Challenges in Children and Adolescents with Congenital Heart Disease.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Review
- 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- Sports participation and lifestyle in middle-aged adults with congenital heart disease.International journal of cardiology. Congenital heart disease · 2024Article
- Executive Function in Preschool Children with Congenital Heart Disease and Controls: The Role of a Cognitively Stimulating Home Environment.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNowadays, more than 90% of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) reach adulthood. However, long-term impact on neurodevelopment and executive functioning in adults with CHD are not completely understood. PURPOSE: To investigate the self- and informant-reported executive functioning in adults with CHD operated in childhood. MATERIAL AND
methodsLongitudinal study of a cohort of patients (n = 194, median age: 49.9 [46.1-53.8]) who were operated in childhood (< 15 years old) between 1968 and 1980 (median follow-up time: 45 [40-53] years) for one of the following diagnoses: atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary stenosis (PS), tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) or transposition of the great arteries (TGA). Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult version (BRIEF-A) questionnaire was used to assess self- and informant-reported executive functioning.
results40-53 years after surgery, the CHD group did show significantly better executive functioning compared to the norm data. No significant difference was found between mild CHD (ASD, VSD and PS) and moderate/severe CHD (ToF and TGA). Higher education, NYHA class 1 and better exercise capacity were associated with better self-reported executive functioning, whereas females or patients taking psychiatric or cardiac medications reported worse executive functioning.
conclusionsOur findings suggest favorable outcomes (comparable to normative data) regarding executive functioning in adults with CHD, both self- and informant-reported. However, further study is warranted to explore more in detail the different cognitive domains of executive functioning in these patients.
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