Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37029483›Full record

ReviewThe Journal of comparative neurology2023

Could theropod dinosaurs have evolved to a human level of intelligence?

Anton Reiner

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The Journal of comparative neurology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. How smart dinosaurs?The Journal of comparative neurology · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Anton ReinerDepartment of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2146-5232
University of Tennessee Health Science Center · US

Funding

NEURAL CONTROL OF CHOROIDAL BLOOD FLOW IN THE EYER01EY005298 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCI CTR · PI REINER, ANTON J. · 1985 to 2019
$4.9M
PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS OF HUNTINGTON'S DISEASER01NS028721 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCI CTR · PI REINER, ANTON J. · 1990 to 2004
$1.7M
Organization of the Cortical Projection to the Basal GangliaR01NS057722 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCI CTR · PI REINER, ANTON J. · 2008 to 2012
$1.6M
NEUROPEPTIDE SYSTEMS IN AVIAN AND RETILLIAN BRAINR01NS019620 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCI CTR · PI REINER, ANTON J. · 1985 to 2003
$900k
Neuropathology and Pathogenesis of Huntington's DiseaseR56NS028721 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCI CTR · PI REINER, ANTON J. · 2008 to 2008
$322k
NEI NIH HHS EY-05298NEI NIH HHS R01 EY005298NINDS NIH HHS NS-28721NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS019620NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS028721NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS057722NINDS NIH HHS R56 NS028721
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Noting that some theropod dinosaurs had large brains, large grasping hands, and likely binocular vision, paleontologist Dale Russell suggested that a branch of these dinosaurs might have evolved to a human intelligence level, had dinosaurs not become extinct. I offer reasons why the likely pallial organization in dinosaurs would have made this improbable, based on four assumptions. First, it is assumed that achieving human intelligence requires evolving an equivalent of the about 200 functionally specialized cortical areas characteristic of humans. Second, it is assumed that dinosaurs had an avian nuclear type of pallial organization, in contrast to the mammalian cortical organization. Third, it is assumed that the interactions between the different neuron types making up an information processing unit within pallium are critical to its role in analyzing information. Finally, it is assumed that increasing axonal length between the neuron sets carrying out this operation impairs its efficacy. Based on these assumptions, I present two main reasons why dinosaur pallium might have been unable to add the equivalent of 200 efficiently functioning cortical areas. First, a nuclear pattern of pallial organization would require increasing distances between the neuron groups corresponding to the separate layers of any given mammalian cortical area, as more sets of nuclei equivalent to a cortical area are interposed between the existing sets, increasing axon length and thereby impairing processing efficiency. Second, because of its nuclear organization, dinosaur pallium could not reduce axon length by folding to bring adjacent areas closer together, as occurs in cerebral cortex.

Indexed as

DinosaursAnimalsBiological EvolutionBirdsCerebral CortexFossilsHumansMammalsavian brainaxonal lengthconnectivitydinosaur evolutionhumansintelligencetroodon

Identifiers

PMID37029483
PMCPMC10106414
OpenAlexW4362717096

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.