Trial reportBritish journal of cancer2023
Tumour infiltrating lymphocytes and survival after adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer: post-hoc analysis of the CLASSIC trial.
Trial report in British journal of cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- The clinical importance of the host anti-tumour reaction patterns in regional tumour draining lymph nodes in patients with locally advanced resectable gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2023Pooled it
- The density of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in oesophago-gastric cancer varies with disease stage, geographical region and treatment: a post hoc analysis of nine phase III clinical trials.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2026Article
- Review
- Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) therapies in gastrointestinal malignancies: review of literature for clinical applications.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Article
- Immuno-Oncology at the Crossroads: Confronting Challenges in the Quest for Effective Cancer Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Spatial organization of B lymphocytes and prognosis prediction in patients with gastric cancer.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2025Article
- Advances and challenges in gastric cancer testing: the role of biomarkers.Cancer biology & medicine · 2025Review
- Prediction and analysis of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes across 28 cancers by TILScout using deep learning.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Deep-learning enabled combined measurement of tumour cell density and tumour infiltrating lymphocyte density as a prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer.BJC reports · 2025Article
- Impact of lymphocyte infiltration on the survival of patients with gastric and colorectal cancers at the Yaoundé General Hospital (Cameroon).The Pan African medical journal · 2025Article
- Quantification of Gremlin 1 throughout the tumor stroma using whole slide imaging and its clinicopathological significance in gastric cancer.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2024Article
- A biopsy-based Immunoscore in patients with treatment-naïve resectable gastric cancer.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOnly a subset of gastric cancer (GC) patients with stage II-III benefits from chemotherapy after surgery. Tumour infiltrating lymphocytes per area (TIL density) has been suggested as a potential predictive biomarker of chemotherapy benefit.
methodsWe quantified TIL density in digital images of haematoxylin-eosin (HE) stained tissue using deep learning in 307 GC patients of the Yonsei Cancer Center (YCC) (193 surgery+adjuvant chemotherapy [S + C], 114 surgery alone [S]) and 629 CLASSIC trial GC patients (325 S + C and 304 S). The relationship between TIL density, disease-free survival (DFS) and clinicopathological variables was analysed.
resultsYCC S patients and CLASSIC S patients with high TIL density had longer DFS than S patients with low TIL density (P = 0.007 and P = 0.013, respectively). Furthermore, CLASSIC patients with low TIL density had longer DFS if treated with S + C compared to S (P = 0.003). No significant relationship of TIL density with other clinicopathological variables was found.
conclusionThis is the first study to suggest TIL density automatically quantified in routine HE stained tissue sections as a novel, clinically useful biomarker to identify stage II-III GC patients deriving benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Validation of our results in a prospective study is warranted.
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