ArticleIndian journal of ophthalmology2023
Modulation of mucin secretion using combined polyethylene glycol-propylene glycol topical formulation in a hyperosmotic stress-based explant model.
Article in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucus fishing syndrome: clinical spectrum and update on its multifactorial pathogenic mechanisms.International ophthalmology · 2026Observational
- Managing dry eye disease - a review of selected traditional Chinese medicine and some of their metabolites focusing on molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Can the choice of artificial tears harm patients? A narrative review with an overview of the Nordic market.Acta ophthalmologica · 2025Review
- Application of three-dimensional visualization technology in phacoemulsification benefits the dry eye symptoms of patients after cataract surgery.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Ocular surface discomfort and dry eye disease are caused by a dysfunctional tear film. The efficacy of lubricating eye drops on the human eye is known, but the compositions may show differential effects on rescuing the tear film. Mucins form a critical layer of the tear film, a reduction of which may be causative for ocular surface conditions. Therefore, it is essential to develop relevant human-derived models to test mucin production. Methods: Human corneoscleral rims were obtained from a healthy donor (n = 8) post-corneal keratoplasty and cultured in DMEM/F12 media. Hyperosmolar stress mimicking dry eye disease was induced by exposing the corneoscleral rim tissues to +200 mOsml NaCl-containing media. The corneoscleral rims were treated with polyethylene glycol-propylene glycol (PEG-PG)-based topical formulation. Gene expression analysis was performed for NFAT5, MUC5AC, and MUC16. Secreted mucins were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Elabscience, Houston, TX, USA) for MUC5AC and MUC16. Results: The corneoscleral rims responded to hyperosmolar stress by upregulating NFAT5, a marker for increased osmolarity, as observed in the case of dry eye disease. The expression of MUC5AC and MUC16 was reduced upon an increase in hyperosmotic stress. The corneoscleral rim tissues showed induction of MUC5AC and MUC16 expression upon treatment with PEG-PG topical formulation but did not show significant changes in the presence of hyperosmolar treatments. Conclusion: Our findings showed that PEG-PG-based topical formulation slightly alleviated hyperosmolar stress-induced decrease in MUC5AC and MUC16 gene expression that is encountered in DED.
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