GuidelineIndian journal of ophthalmology2023
Evaporative dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction: Preferred practice pattern guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.
Guideline in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is Botulinum toxin A effective in treating dry eye disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Eye (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluation of the effect of patching therapy on dry eye tests and tear film osmolarity in children with amblyopia.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Eyelid and tear-film factors associated with contact lens discomfort symptom burden among wearers attending after-care in Kisumu County, Kenya: a clinic-based cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and the Ocular Surface: A Narrative Review of Restoration, Remodeling, and Clinical Implications.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- Objective Assessment of Visual Workload in Video Display Terminal Workers Using a Non-Invasive Monitoring System.La Medicina del lavoro · 2026Observational
- Advances in Pharmacotherapy and Physiotherapy for Dry Eye Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Future Directions-A Narrative Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Research progress in animal models of dry eye disease: Types, mechanisms, and application prospects.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- The effects of vitamin d replacement therapy on ocular surface health in children with vitamin d deficiency.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic Regulation of Sebaceous and Meibomian Glands: From Development to Disease.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Chinese Herbal Medicine Ultrasonic Atomization Combined with Artificial Tears for Dry Eye Disease in Chinese Populations: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for dry eye disease: principles, progress, and challenges.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Application of a deep learning-based system for eyelid margin signs identification training and testing in dry eye disease education.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Abnormal meibum is associated with SREBF1 mutation and IFAP Syndrome-2.Experimental eye research · 2026Article
- Comparative Efficacy of Cyclosporine, Tacrolimus, and Neurostimulatory Nasal Sprays for Moderate-to-Severe Dry Eye Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and Safety of Therapeutic Strategies in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Narrative Review.Ophthalmic research · 2026Review
- Efficacy and safety of pilocarpine as a secretagogue versus artificial tears in the management of dry eye disease.Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation ophthalmology journal · 2026Article
- Preoperative Diquafosol vs. Intense Pulsed Light with Gland Expression for MGD: Effects on Refractive Accuracy and Tear Film Stability in Cataract Surgery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Outcomes of Combined Eyelid Hygiene, Intense Pulsed Light, and Meibomian Gland Expression in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Baicalin nano-micelles for dry eye disease: LC-MS/MS method validation, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in preclinical models.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2025Article
- Abnormal Meibum Is Associated WithmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Evaporative dry eye (EDE) due to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is one of the common clinical problems encountered in ophthalmology. It is a major cause of dry eye disease (DED) and of ocular morbidity. In EDE, inadequate quantity or quality of lipids produced by the meibomian glands leads to faster evaporation of the preocular tear film and symptoms and signs of DED. Although the diagnosis is made using a combination of clinical features and special diagnostic test results, the management of the disease might be challenging as it is often difficult to distinguish EDE from other subtypes of DED. This is critical because the approach to the treatment of DED is guided by identifying the underlying subtype and cause. The traditional treatment of MGD consists of warm compresses, lid massage, and improving lid hygiene, all measures aimed at relieving glandular obstruction and facilitating meibum outflow. In recent years, newer diagnostic imaging modalities and therapies for EDE like vectored thermal pulsation and intense pulsed light therapy have emerged. However, the multitude of management options may confuse the treating ophthalmologist, and a customized rather than a generalized approach is necessary for these patients. This review aims to provide a simplified approach to diagnose EDE due to MGD and to individualize treatment for each patient. The review also emphasizes the role of lifestyle modifications and appropriate counseling so that patients can have realistic expectations and enjoy a better quality of life.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.