ArticleBMC cancer2023
Efficacy and safety of transurethral resection of bladder tumour combined with chemotherapy and immunotherapy in bladder-sparing therapy in patients with T1 high-grade or T2 bladder cancer: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Article in BMC cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cx43 modulates malignant phenotypes in bladder cancer cells via the c-Src/PTEN/FAK axis.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Use of Artificial Intelligence Model Associated with Masson's Trichrome Staining as a Predictor of Muscle Invasion in Bladder Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Bladder preservation alternatives in non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder tumor: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Asian journal of urology · 2025Review
- Article
- Treatment Patterns and Radical Cystectomy Outcomes in Patients Diagnosed With Urothelial Nonmetastatic Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer in the United States.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- SRT3025-loaded cell membrane hybrid liposomes (3025@ML) enhanced anti-tumor activity of Oxaliplatin via inhibiting pyruvate kinase M2 and fatty acid synthase.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBladder cancer is the tenth most common cancer worldwide. For patients with T1 high-grade or T2 bladder cancer, radical cystectomy is recommended. However, radical cystectomy is associated with various complications and has a detrimental impact on the quality of life. Bladder-sparing therapy has been widely explored in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer, and whether a combination of transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) with chemotherapy and immunotherapy shows definite superiority over TURBT plus chemotherapy is still a matter of debate. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of TURBT combined with chemotherapy and immunotherapy in bladder-sparing therapy in patients with T1 high-grade or T2 bladder cancer who are unwilling or unsuitable to undergo radical cystectomy.
methodsAn open-label, multi-institutional, two-armed randomized controlled study will be performed with 86 patients with T1 high-grade or T2 bladder cancer meeting the eligibility criteria. Participants in the experimental group (n = 43) will receive TURBT combined with chemotherapy (GC: gemcitabine 1000 mg/m DISCUSSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TURBT combined with GC regimen and toripalimab in bladder-sparing therapy in patients with T1 high-grade or T2 bladder cancer. The expected benefit is that the combination of TURBT with chemotherapy and immunotherapy would be more effective than TURBT plus chemotherapy without compromising the quality of life and increasing the toxicity.
trial registrationChiCTR2200060546, chictr.org.cn, registered on June 14, 2022.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.